The Study Of Zhangshi's Confucian Classics And Neo-confucian

Abstract:Zhang Shi is a well-known philosopher, Neo-Confucian and educator in NanSong Dynasty as well as a representative and synthesizerof the school of Huxiang .He and Zhu Xi,the representative of the school of Min, and Lv Zuqian,the representative of the school of Wu ,are like the three legs of a tripod in areas of Neo-Confucianism in NanSong Dynasty .They are called"Mikatas in Southeast"and"Masters all times".Zhang Shi lived in the era of the rise of Neo-Confucianism. The special historical and cultural background in Song Dynasty , the Zhang Shi's family-taught study history, arguing questions with scholars and his career story had different influences on his maturity and development of ideas.While Neo-Confucian in Song-ming Dynasty and the studyof Confucian classics have close relation which were reflected the relationships in ZhangShi's Neo-Confucian and his studyof Confucian classics .First, ZhangShi's studyof Confucian classics is the carrier and basis of hisNeo-Confucian. As an influential figure ,during interpreting ZhouYi ,the analects of confucius and Mencius,he had an thought"to study Confucian classics to get Yili(principle)"with absorbing the relevant ideas of Er Cheng ,Zhang Jun, Wang Dabao, Hu Hong and other thinkers ,also exchanging thoughts with contemporary scholars, like Zhu Xi and Lv Zuqian .Second, ZhangShi's ideology of Neo-Confucian is made of a series of categories and theories in Neo-Confucian, which were come up with when Zhang Shi analyzed Confucian classics and Classical Categories , or developed when he exchanged ideas with other scholars in the same times . Without them, ZhangShi's ideology of Neo-Confucian could not be built.In His Yi studies , Zhang Shi said"yi is a tool of carrying principle", and he combined images and numbers,with Yili (principle),There were categories ,such as Tai chi ,yin-yang,and the relationship of law and matter, which had unique merits , In the study of Four Books, Zhang Shi studied the analects of confucius to illustrate benevolence,and explained his concept of loyalty and interests by making clear Mencius .Between he and ZhuXi, an argument about the doctrine of the mean happened at the time of his studyingThe Doctrine of the Mean. Besides, he got his epistemology and theory of moral cultivation . Zhang Shi did not only highlight Four Books, regarded argumentative philosophy on Four Books as a central subject of development of the study of Confucian classics, but also build a new ideology , emphasising of Yil(iprinciple)and Commentary and Subcommentary ,and combined the study of Confucian classics and Neo-Confucianism .Therefore, Zhang Shi's study of Confucian classics had an important role in the study of Confucian classics of Song dynasty.So did it in history of Neo-Confucianism.And it had a profound effect on the development of Neo-Confucianism.Four reasons as follows: Zhang Shi propagated and praised Zhou Dunyi and Er Cheng for their effect and merits in Confucius' doctrine; He developed Er Chengs' study during academic exchange with ZhuXI and found the school of Hu Xiang,collecting other schools' advantages; Also,he put forward to the cultural method of exploring respectfully Yil(iprinciple).Third, ZhangShi's Neo-Confucian was the direction of his studyof Confucian classics and the foundation of his philosophy .Basing on his studyof Confucian classics , ZhangShi's Neo-Confucian was deepened, expanded and expounded, namely, it was philosophizing and systematic of the studyof Confucian classics .For ZhangShi, the theories in Neo-Confucian like Tai Chi Theory lies in Confucian classics,for example, Four Books, the Five Classics.Simultaneously, he refined the value system for Social Development to direct people's thinking of words and deeds according to time's changing and the objective needs of Social development and evolution .