The Strategy Of Cross-cultural Communication By Western Missionary During The Late Period Of Ming Dynasty

This paper talks about the strategy of cross-cultural communication by western missionary during the late period of Ming dynasty. Firstly, it lists the experience of the cultural exchange and communication by those missionaries such as Matteo Ricci, and then shows the excellent cultural communication thoughts and skills of those missionaries in different cultural background, finally points out the methods of communication by Matteo Ricci, and the revelation for the today's acculturation.Since the Italian missionary Matteo Ricci comes to China in 1582, the old country faces a new challenge which is called"the Eastward Spread of Western Culture". According to the background of China in that period, certainly the purpose of the missionaries are the religion transmission; but, facing the long and outstanding history of the gorgeous country--China, considering the experience of religion transmission from Tang Dynasty as well, Matteo Ricci spreads Christianity in a significant way, that is "acculturation", it is a flexible communication strategy, like making acquaintance with social elites and celebrities, translating the well-known articles both from China and Europe. Generally speaking he is the first representative of Western-China cultural exchange and communication.Furthermore, the paper analyses those strategies on the basis of theories of the cross-cultural communication, and tries to figure out the available mode for today's cultural exchange.This paper has four parts.First part is the introduction, which talks about the biography of Matteo Ricci, the significance, methods, and innovation of this essay.Second part is literature review, which talks about the communication theories from China and foreign countries which involved in this essay.Third part is the strategies analysis. In the beginning, it reveals the background and the social condition of late Ming dynasty and Europe, the troubles and problems which missionaries face as well. Then, it summarizes the strategy of the Matteo Ricci's preaching work. There are four aspects here: letting missionaries living style Confusions way; exchanging the culture and literature from China and Europe, leaning Chinese, translating the outstanding works; finding the common ways of moral, ethics and ideology from western and eastern countries; introducing the science and technology. Summarized all above, the paper points out how to get the available and effective communication in some special periods.The fourth part is the conclusion, which indicates some aspects these days of "acculturation" that we should pay more attentions to. And it also figures out the leading meaning of Matteo Ricci's preaching work in nowadays.