On The Significance Of Grotesque, Paradox And Polyphony In Kafka's Novels

The unlimitedness of human essence had been discussed by Feuerbach in The essence of Christianity, the meaning of life consist in the objective of man's unlimitedness essential. Artistic creation is an important approach of the projection of human essence. Owing to the materiality of content and the universality of form, art form embodies the unlimitedness of the essence of humanity. As a consequence, art form gets its special signification.The theory of Signification Form will be used to analysis the grotesque, paradox and polyphony in Kafka's novels. At the same time, we will discuss the significance of the three forms mentioned above by the people's intrinsic contradiction. Based on the conclusion, we will answer a series of problems appearing in Kafka's research. For example, why The Metamorphosis which is considered to be one of the greatest works was not identified by Kafka himself?In the first part, we will treatise three typical art form in Kafka's novels one by one. Kafka's grotesque not only exceeds the range of our daily life, but also beyond our logic ability. Grotesques in image and logic manifest dissimilation firstly; furthermore, they express self-banishment, self-punishment and desire to vigorous vitality unconsciously. We will discuss the signification of grotesque in this part.Next, we will analysis the paradox which is the most remarkable character in Kafka's works. The characteristic of paradox that seemingly right but actually wrong makes Kafka's works profound. We will not treat paradox just as art-skill any more in this paper but as significant form.At last, polyphony will be discussed. Comparing with Bakhtin's theory of polyphony, we will display the uniqueness of Kafka's polyphony and extend the definition of polyphony. Simultaneously, a series of problem will be answered. For example, Why Kafka's river novels had no formal ending?We will treatise the relationship between the three forms in the epilogue.