About Refugee Matter In Eastern Huang-huai Plain From Historical Geography View During Qing Dynasty

The Qing dynasty Huang-huai plain had frequent natural calamities, famine due to crop failures everywhere. Lots of refugees run to everywhere searching for survival and happiness., such Yingzhouifu,Fengyangfu,Suzhou in northern Anhui province, xuzhoufu,haizhoufu in northern Jiangsu province, Yanzhoufu Caozhoufu,Jining in southern Shandong province, these were so many refugees who flew to Jiangnan, Huguang, Jiangxi some place. The phenomenon of refugee flows last long and large scale, and form a relatively fixed travel routes and into the ground. In order to make persons back home to and stability of social order, the Qing government adopted a relief, leaving support, and information sent to a series of measures. Generation after generation of refugees made on the social environment had a number of implications, and formed its own unique characteristics. This paper is divided into five chapters:Chapter One describes the natural and human environment eastern Huang-huai plain. There are three major river systems flowing through this zone: Yellow river, Huai river and the great canal. Due to their similar natural environment, they face the similar refugee problem.Chapter two discusses the eastern part of the Huang-huai plain harassment by natural disasters, in particular burst water overflow, so that northern Jiangsu, southern Shandong region full pain people who suffered from the water disaster. The natural disasters during the Qing dynasty, the war, population growth and land acquisition, backward farming practices and human factors, people in dire straits. Once a serious famine happen, the people leave immediately, flees from famine.Chapter three describes the Huang-huai plain east of the specific refugee outflow, into the earth and the size of the road. The refugees from northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu, southern Shandong region how arrive the Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei and Hunan, Jiangxi and other wealthy regions with better conditions, and numbers increase due to natural disasters and population growth, an increasing number of displaced persons, from the early Qing dynasty to the Qing dynasty.Chapter four focuses on refugees living environment and social response, including the frequent movement influences for hometown and the environmental where they arrive, and local official whose attitude and treatment to refugees. The most important for refugees are to get rid of diffcult position when they return home.Chapter five by comparing different places such as Fengyang, Zhili and Yizhou in the same period, analyzed diversified performance of refugee. During Qing dynasty people don't stick to their own home, reach aconclusions about refugees influence and characteristics.