On The Effects Of The Amirs In The Mamluk Dynasty

The Mamluk Dynasty was established in 1250,and its ruling classes were the feudal army generals who led the Arab World to creat the brilliant civilization in Egypt in the Middle Ages. At that time,the country economy was developed fastly,the Islam culture was spreaded unparalleledly,and the Arab World's international influence was promoted greatly.Egypt became a transitive point that bonded the East trade with West,and the wars with the Crusaders and the Mongols made the islamic civilization survive providentially.In the late Middle Ages, these achievements obtained by Egypt to a large extent should be attributed to the amirs who were Sudan's military commanders and officers. However,in Mamluk Dynasty military oligarchy was its characyeristic, and conspiracies or factional fightings to seize the throne had always been a universal phenomenon,so the amirs became important factors that generated the political disorders. At the beginning of the sixteenth century,with the rapid development of Western European countries and the opening of the New Route the mamluk's trade walked up to the edge of international trade.In 1517,the arrival of the strong Ottoman made the dynasty's splendour never exist.Internal causes determine external elements,so the destruction of the Mamluk Dynasty had a direct relationship with the amirs.Therefore, the amirs engendered profound effects for the Mamluk Dynasty. So this article will investigate the positive and negative effects of amirs from the view of politics,military,economy and culture, and we can draw a conclusion about the decline of the Mamluk Dynasty...