Analysis On "The ShiJiaHe Type"

After Chengbeixi Culture, Daxi Culture and Qujialing Culture, Shijiahe Culture arose as a new archaeological culture in the vast area of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the late Neolithic period. We have gained fruitful achievements on every process of the research, from the discovery of the regional culture in the 1950s, to the large-scaled excavation in the 1970s, until the discussion of its archaeological nature in the 1980s and 1990s. But the discussion on this culture seems to come to a state of stagnation in the 21st century, and the archaeological excavation has mainly focused on the Shijiahe Cluster-sites. The publicized materials of recent years also focus on these sites. As the large-scaled excavation is going on and the materials are getting more and more abundant, there isn't so much progress on the discussion of this culture's nature on the contrary. At this point, this article combines the archaeological materials, tries to re-do some pectination on the Shijiahe type of the Shijiahe Culture periodically.As a cut-in point, this article will do a periodical research on the excavation materials of the classical Xiaojiawuji site which has been done a large-scale excavation with a good layer-relation, and on this base, it will compare Xiaojiawuji site with Dengjiawan, Luojiapoling, Zhongxiangliuhe, Guanpingyan, and Sanfangwan sites, etc, and divides the whole Shijiahe culture and Shijiahe type into three periods and five sects. This article also does a stress research on the relationships between Shijiahe culture's late remains and middle-early remains, relative time and absolute time, and its cultural origin. What's more, even though the Shijiahe Sites are the biggest settlement clusters (also called"City") all over the country, there isn't enough research on this side, So the author analyses the two sites with classical features by the theory and methods of cluster archeology, expecting to have a clue on the research of Shiijiahe cluster. First, this article will set the Xiaojiawuji sites the single cluster site case, from the overall shape of single cluter site, the remains'forms inside it, and the cluster arrangements or the inside-cluster remains'relationships, these three aspects, also drawing lessons from the fore-researchers, combining the archeological situations and the features of the archeological materials of Xiaojiawuji site, to analyze cluster site from two points, the single building and the inside arrangements of cluster structure, so that we can predict the inside-cluster structure and organizing form. Second, the article mainly discusses Dengjiawan site. Because the tombs and its social and cultural community have logical inherent consistency. So this article discusses the tomb owners'relationships from the relationship between graveyard and graveyard, the space relationship between them and the grades of dividing tombs, and further reflects the social structure at that time. Beside the analysis of the single site in Shijiahe cluster site, this article overlooks the cluster sites along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the Neolithic period, and tries to discuss Shijiahe cluster site's status. From the disparity of different shapes of different cluster sites and different development levels, by researching the representative remains and left-overs inside the cluster sites, confirming the appearance of social class disparity in the Neolithic period of the middle reaches of Yangtze River, and further reflects the complex of the social structure at that time. Finally, this article discussed if Shijiahe cluster sites conforms the definition of"City"according to the 10 standards of defining a city by V. G. Childe in his book"The Urban Revolution".