The Study Of Ou Yangxiu Kingcraft Thought

North Song is the first stable dynasty after unstable Five-dynasty. In order to strengthen its rule,North Song adopted some political,economical and military methods . During the initial stage , these methods were useful .But many years later, these methods led to a lot of social problems,especially during the mid-term of North Song .Some problems threatened the government .In order to strengthen the dynasty's reign, Ou Yangxiu put forward a series of political and economic methods. His thought mainly inherited traditional Confucian thought, but he didn't rigidly adhere in Confucian, his thought was also affected by utility thought. He thought that an important way to solve the difficulty of the government is to improve Official's quality,so he appealed to the central government to improve official's quality. In order to improve Official's quality,he adopted some measures what he can do. He impeached some officials because of they were old,weak,ill and fatuous. He criticised some officials because of they disturb people. He recommended some persons with ability to the central government .He asked the central government to organize some officials who have ability and good morality to supervise the local government officials .He thought that the government should select persons as officials only according to their ability.In North Song , imperial civil service examination was an important way in select officials and quite a part of officials entered the government through Imperial civil service examination . Along with imperial civil service examination system develop, more and more drawbacks appeared . In order to select genuine talented person , Ou Yangxiu advocated strengthening the test discipline, reforming the subjects of examination, changing the test literary style .On how to rule a country, he thought that rulers must use punishment and kindness , that means rulers must emphasize kind policy and strict law enforcement at the same time , noble who violate the law must be punished ,no one can dominate above the law .Emperor must use punishment and kindness to manage officials, too. On how to rule a country, Confucian stand for using kind policy .They against using stern law. Ou Yangxiu stand for using kind policy and stern law at the same ,this means that he is not a"pure Confucian", he doesn't abide by Confucianism absolutely.Ou Yangxiu's thinking about using punishment and kindness came from Confucianism ,came from his family and history experience.Ou Yangxiu highly valued agriculture .He thought that agriculture is the foundation of the society , the agricultural tax revenue is an important source of the state finance income . He against Buddhism, against recruiting soldiers on a large scale , because these things tempt peasants give up cultivation . He stand for alleviating the class contradictions by averaging tax burden , cutting off nonessential service , averaging service .He against some officials because they destroy agricultural production .On how to treat works and businessmen ,he thought that the government should treat them as equal as peasants .He against attaching importance to agriculture but suppressing the development of commerce . He said that the government should share benefit with businessmen ,not to exploit them too much. on tax.. He opposed the government monopoly industry and commerce .