The Study For Working Memory Of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperacitivity Disorder

This study focuses on children's working memory problem concerning attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).According to DSM-IV and Conners diagnostic criteria,the research subjects concentrate on 21 cases of 6-year-old and 12-year-old ADHD children, including 9 cases of attention deficit type(ADHD-I),6 cases of hyperactivity-impulsive type(ADHD-H) and 6 cases of mixed-type(ADHD-C).Meanwhile 19 matched normal children are chosen to be control group.This study focuses on ADHD children's working memory span,Phonological loop and Visual-spatial Sketchpad,central executive system.The results illustrate that:1.ADHD children's scores on sentence span,calculate span and Visuo-spatial span task are significantly lower than the normal children's,indicating that ADHD children are deficit of working memory span.The ADHD children of three subtypes have significant difference with normal children.Sentence span among ADHD subtypes has a significant difference.The sentence span of ADHD-H-type and ADHD-C-type children's is significantly lower than ADHD-I-type children's.2.The scores of ADHD children on two Phonological loop tasks are dramatically lower than normal children's,showing that ADHD children's phonological loop is damaged.The ADHD children of three subtypes have significant difference with normal children,but ADHD-H-type and ADHD-C-type on verbal task have significant difference with normal children;Score of ADHD-I-type on the above two tasks is significantly higher than ADHD-H-type children's,illustrating that ADHD-H-type children's damage of phonological loop is greater than ADHD-I-type children's.ADHD children's score on Corsi Blocks is significantly lower than normal children's, illustrating that ADHD children have problem on Visual-spatial Sketchpad.The ADHD children of three subtypes on Corsi Blocks task have significant difference with normal children.And that among ADHD subtypes has no significant difference.3.ADHD children's reaction time on the Go/no-go task and the stroop task reaction time is significantly longer than the normal children on this mission,indicating that the inhibitory function of ADHD children exist damage.ADHD-H-type children has a significant difference with normal children on the Go/no-go task,ADHD-C-type children has a significant difference with normal children on the stroop task;ADHD-H-type children's reaction time is dramatically longer than the ADHD-I type children's on the Go/no-go task, while ADHD-C-type children's reaction time is significantly longer than ADHD-H-type children's on the stroop task.Score of ADHD children on Animal dual task is overwhelmingly lower than the score of normal children,indicating that the coordination function of ADHD children exist injury.All types of ADHD children on Animal dual task have significant difference with normal children.The degree of three ADHD subtypes children's damage of coordination function is nearly the same.ADHD children's task on more-odd dating scoring significantly lower than the score of normal children,illustrating that the update function of ADHD children exist damage.The ADHD children of three subtypes on more-odd dating task have significant difference with normal children.The ADHD children of three types score on this task with no significant differences,which means that the degree of damage of update function is equal between each other.ADHD children reaction time significantly longer than the normal children on more-odd shifting task and verbal shifting task,presenting that ADHD children have deficit on shift function.The ADHD children of three sub types on more-odd shifting task have no significant difference with normal children,The ADHD children of three subtypes on verbal shifting task have no significant difference with normal children.ADHD-C-type children's damage degree of shift function is higher.Conclusion:1.ADHD children have damage on working memory span.2.The Phonological loop,Visual-spatial Sketchpad and central executive system of ADHD children are damaged.3.Differences of ADHD subtypes exist in sentence task,number task,verbal task,Go/no-go task,Stroop task,more-odd shifting task and verbal shifting task.