The Studies On The Ecological Environment In Qin And Han Dynasties

Between China's ancient inhabitants and the surrounding geographical environment, there is an interdependence and mutual restraint, both of them are inseparable. Since Qin united the six countries, because of China's large area, plenty of people and rich in resources, so deep study in the relationship between human activities and the geographic environment is extremely important. During Qin and Han Dynasties, geographical environment is rather complicated. For the natural geography, there are many rivers, such as Yellow River, Yangtze River, Pearl River, Liaohe River, Haihe River, and so densely be covered by lakes, forests and fans; for economic geography, there are lots of districts of traditional farming, animal husbandry, handicrafts and so on. Not only expanding the population distribution, migration from time to time, with the region expansion, where there are also different geographical environment. Such as climate, vegetation, rivers and lakes, coasts, deserts and other elements.In the natural, economic geography, people awareness of ecological gradually developed.This paper is based on previous researches and takes the literature materials and archaeological materials as the theoretical foundation, discussing people's awareness of ecology, ecological management, environmental performance and the reasons for the change during the Qin and Han Dynasties. During this period, people's awareness of ecology mainly include mountains protection awareness,"The forbidden according to different time" awareness and "Harmony between human and nature" awareness. Besides these consciousnesses, Qin and Han Dynasties already have relatively comprehensive ecological protection measures, primarily reflected by six aspects as follows: setting ecological Officials, forest resource protection, wildlife resource protection, water resource protection, land resources protection and Special protection of ecological regions. But at the same time we should also note that during Qin and Han Dynasties period, although there are some ecological environment protection policies, as the population increased, large-scale economic development, ecological environment has also changed significantly, reflected in: climate changing and the frequent disasters .To analyze specific reasons, a large-scale Cultivation, deforestation led to the forest, vegetation damage, exploitation of mining and metallurgy industry and ecological thinking and management system, such as the limitations are due to various constraints, the ecological environment and the maintenance of regular Human activities have some social conflicts, leading to a harmonious relationship between the two is hard to achieve. This can also explain why from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the ecological environment has been deteriorating.