On The Policy To Object Foreigners With People In The Late Qing Dynasty

In the late Qing Dynasty,Chinese feudal society goes to downfall.Meanwhile,the capitalism of Europe and America developed rapidly.The western powers headed by Britain positively expand force to external.And they regarded China as the main aggression target in Asia.Facing increasingly serious external aggression,the traditional bridle policy of the Qing Dynasty hasn't yet attained good effect of controlling external barbarians.The Qing Dynasty had to take some new measures in order to overmaster external barbarians.In resisting external invade of the conflict,the Qing Dynasty ruling class saw the people's huge strength. The policy toobject foreigners with people is established gradually.Carrying on a thorough research about the policy to object foreigners with people in the late Qing Dynasty,it will contribute us to know the military diplomacy policy of the Qing Dynasty.This paper is according to the time sequence,plotting out the policy to object foreigners with people in the late Qing Dynasty as three stages.That is the period of Emperor Daoguang,the period of Emperor Xianfeng and Tongzhi,the period of Emperor Guangxu.By systemic researching about the policy to object foreigners with people of the Qing Dynasty in these three stages,this paper try hard to reveal the develop regulation and evolvement track.In the period of Emperor Daoguang,Lin ze-xu put forward firstly in the early years in the first-time Opium War.But it has not causes attention of the tallest ruler of the Qing Dynasty.Going with the development of the war,many officials started lay claim to this policy.The people's struggle of anti-English at San yuan-li in Guangzhou urging Emperor Daoguang to value the people's function more.But the formal establishment of the policy to object foreigners with people is after refusing foreigner into Guangzhou city.Thence,the policy to object foreigners with people becomes the important means of the Qing Dynasty to controlling external barbarians.In the period of Emperor Xianfeng and Tongzhi,Emperor Xianfeng extensively used the policy to object foreigners with people to each square of anti-aggression,and obtained a certain achievement.It makes Emperor Xianfeng excessively exaggerated the function of people at anti-invade aspect,and incautiously used the policy to object foreigners with people in the war.As a result,the British-French Army occupied Beijing,and the policy to object foreigners with people suffered abort.After Emperor Tongzhi inherited,Cixi Queen Mother gradually controlled the real power of the Qing Dynasty.And she tried hard to maintain the amicable situation with the westem powers.However,the invasion of western imperialist powers into china was becoming increasingly grim,which has caused common people's strong resistance.The Qing Dynasty continued to make use of the policy to object foreigners with people in order to prevent the continuously invasion from imperialist powers.In the period of Emperor Guangxu,the Qing Dynasty continued to make use of the policy to object foreigners with people during the war between China and Japan and the war between China and France.After the Sino-Japanese War,the Western imperialist powers brought about to carve up China in great intense.Emperor Guangxu launched the Wuxu Political Reform with a purpose to ease the political crisis of the government.However,the Reform soon be repression by Cixi Queen Mother because of the offend to the diehards' interests.On account of aggravated the contradiction with the various countries' envoy on the problem of 'abolish and set up the Emperor',Cixi Queen Mother determined to use the boxers' movement to hit the imperialist powers.The policy to object foreigners with people has become popular again.After the Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing,Cixi Queen Mother betrayed them.Moreover,the policy to object foreigners with people got the ultimate failure.