Society's Turmoil And Governance Of Fu Jian In Early Qing Dynasty

In the third year of Shun Zhi period, Qing army entered Fu Jian, then they forcedly carried out ethnic oppression policies such as"Ti Fa"(asked people to have the same hairstyle like Manchu people) and"Yi Fu"(asked people to have the same dress style like Manchu people)which had stirred up a wide range struggle against Qing court. In the thirteenth year of Kang Xi period, King Geng Jingzhong launched a rebellion which caused turmoil in Fu Jian again. In addition, Zheng Group which surrendered in the twenty-second year of Kang Xi period had a long-term confrontation with the Qing court in the coastal area of Fu Jian. In the meantime, in Fu Jian ,the society was in disorder, the army seriously disturbed the public, production was severely damaged, the people's livelihood was slumped, and people there lead harsh. In particular, the policy of"moving the boundary and banned the sea"caused the coastal people a complete loss of their former job, displacing and homeless.In order to stabilize Fu Jian society, restore their people's livelihood and consolidate the rule fundamentally, Qing court adopted a series of measures such as training military discipline, derateing taxes, drumming for dispersed people to restore production, condoning"against"civilians, stabilizing the price of rice, relieving victims, Opening the sea ban and expanding the boundary and so on. Among them, the punishment of the army's disturbing to the public effectively had regulated the "civil-military relations and pacified the people; taxes'derating directly benefited the people and had played a positive role in the resumption of production after the disaster chaos; sea ban's opening and boundary's expanding made the coastal people return to their native places to do their former work and resume production. In short, these measures have played an active and effective role on Fu Jian people's restoration of livelihood.In order to stabilize the Fu Jian political situation and strengthen rule, Qing court made active and effective governances about government and military affairs .Those included strengthening the civil and military officials'election. being strictly on civil and military officials'reward and punishment, sending officials from central to supervise the handling of local affairs of Fu Jian, strengthening the civil and military officials'coordination and so on .on officials'election, Qing court paid attention to people's real ability and their activities , largely selected Hans in Manchu military served as the governors or Xun Fu. on officials'rewarding and punishment ,they combined strict and flexibility together, many other matters, such as supervising military supplies and Opening the sea ban and expanding the boundary, summoning the Zheng group to surrender ,placing certain place to surrenders, Qing court all sent officials from central to supervise the handling ,which ensured Qing dynasty's policy's implement. For civil and military officials'discordance, Qing court interviewed and coordinated timely, in all, the active and effective governances to government and military affairs, the Qing court had taken, strengthened the rule of Fujian.