The Research That The Thoughts Of "New-style Citizen" During In The Last Years Of The "Qing Dynasty" And The Early Years Of "Min Guo".

At the end of Qing dynasty and the beginning of the republic of China, with the deepening of the national crisis, Chinese scholars, who was influenced by the traditional culture and the western Modern Enlightenment, transferred their views from refroming social-system to exploring the issue of national diathesis which leaded to "the New-style Citizen" thoughts—a new thoughts in the ideological sphere.The first stage of the new thoughts was signified by Liang Qichao's" New Citizen Theory" and Yan Fu's "three methods to cultivate new citizen", aiming at promoting the national diathesis.The second stage was mainly based on Dr.Sun Yatsen's opinion of "the construction of national psychology".The third stage was mainly to liberate the national subjective consciousness, which was raised by the pioneers of the new culture movement.In conclusion, "the New-style Citizen" thoughts was in puepose of saving, establishing and constructing a new nation. Patriotism was ita aim. It is an influential phase in the modern history, and its main achievements were as follows:①"The New-style Citizen" thoughts made scholars think of the difference between traditional culture and wastern culture, Scholars commented on western culture, and then criticized feudal rule and feudal culture. It was great culture introspection.②The thoughts cultivated right idea, scientific idea and subjective consciousness. It posed the development of Chinese modernization.③The thoughts brought about the birth of modern Chinese nationalism. And it made clear that we must develop native culture and absorb the advantages of western culture.However, "the New-style citizen" thoughts was not perfect:①Scholars' theory level was poor, and their thoughts was paradoxical.②Scholars just emphasized social morality and collective interests, ignored individual. It influenced the quality of the new type of the citizen. ③The thoughts was short of influencing power, because that scholars just wanted to make citizens become what they want.④Scholars had no right idea of transform of the social economic construct and the way of productivity.No matter "the New-style Citizen" thoughts was positive or not, it enlightens today's, make us develop material civilization as well as spiritual one, adds new contents to itself according to the change of historical situation. All in all, "the New-style Citizen" thoughts not only looks back to history, but also concerns present and future. It is the necessary way to establish modern civilization.