A Study On "Guǎn" Sentence Of The Conditional Sentence

The conditional sentence is a more common type of the compound sentence in the modern Chinese,Common terms of the connective include"buguǎn","wulun","bulun",and so on.Some adverbs as"dou"or"ye"are often behind them."Guǎn"is another connective of conditional compound sentence ,which meaning the opposite of"buguǎn",we call the connective sentence with"guǎn"as"guǎn compound sentence". However,"guǎn compound sentence"has unique syntactic structure and pragmatic effect which is different from other conditional compound sentences .So, we need do some further research ahout it.In previous studies, we did not find the books and articles about"guǎn compound sentence", the relevant research about "guǎn compound sentence" mainly concentrated in the study of the conjunction "guǎn".Some scholars have done some useful reaserch on the grammatical form and meaning of the conjunction "guǎn".Their point of the study do not have the same focus and perspective, some from the conjunction point of view, some from the perspective of the compound compound sentence. But they still have a lot of the remaining issues are resolved, and stay in the study described level. Why "guǎn compound sentence" is different from other conditional compound sentence did not make a reasonable explanation.In this paper,we based on previous studies,from three levels of "syntax" and "semantic", "pragmatic" to do a further study about "guǎn compound sentence" which drews the following conclusions:First of all, the syntax characteristic of"guǎn compound sentence":1,The type of the"empty subject"in"guǎn compound sentence". In predecessor's research, regarding the necessity and the words choice of the"empty subject"achieved the mutual recognition basically: the editors of《800 Words in modern Chinese》and《Examples and explanations of function words in modern Chinese》thought after"tube", should follow close on"ni"or"ta(ta')", sometimes"ta (ta')"is empty refers. In fact, after passing through the search massive language materials we discovered that besides"ta (ta')"sometimes is empty refers to the ingredient which follows close on"guǎn""ni"sometimes also do not have the practical significance,"ni"is also a member of the"empty subject". Therefore, we may unify predecessor's research results and this article's discovery, the empty subject's type in"guǎn compound sentence"will induce into the following two kinds:"ta(ta')"and"ni".The empty subject"ta (ta')"and"ni"appear when the compound sentence does not have the practical significance subject , their have not ability on claims the concrete person or thing, but they cannot be omited.2,the reason of why the (empty) subject must exist in"guǎn compound sentence":according to the"guǎn compound sentence"and the"buguǎn compound sentence"the most remarkable difference is the"guǎn compound sentence"must have the subject (or empty subject) unconditionally, otherwise it cannot guide the condition compound sentence. other connective of conditional compound sentence, like"buguǎn","wulun"and so on shows the denial significance, therefore, we extrapolated: the role of the"(empty)subject"is to realize"guǎn"form define transforms to otherwise define.In the modern Chinese expressed the most common method in denialing significance is to use"the negative words", like"bu","mei","bie","wei"and so on ,which kind of words are called"the denial mark". But there is not any denial mark in"guǎn compound sentence", how is to realize by is willing to define transforms otherwise defines?Zhou jing(2003) proposed the concept of"the non-mark denies", she point out that: the denial significance question pronoun contains"shenme,na, naer, shui,"and so on. Sheng yinhua(2007) did a further studied about"the non-mark denies". It is noteworthy that the two articles saw he question pronoun"shui"and"na"as one of"the non-mark denies"forms.We let"shui"and"na"replace the (empty) subject which cannot omit in"guǎn"compound sentence, the result is: after replacing the compound sentence is also a conditional compound sentence and the meaning of the sentence is as same as before. Therefore, we can say"shui"and"na"play the same role as the (empty) subject in the conditional compound sentence . By this we may prove that"guǎn+ the (empty) subject"is also one of"the non-mark denies"forms.Therefore we thought: the reason why the (empty) subject must exist is that the (empty) subject play the great importance in"guǎn"compound sentence which can realize"the non-mark with"guǎn"to deny", can help"guǎn"guided conditional compound sentence successfully. After therefore, the (empty) subject of"guǎn"compound sentence must exist, cannot omit.Second,the semantic characteristic of the"following ingredient"in"guǎn"compound sentence : 《Examples and explanations of Function word in modern Chinese》says:the meaning of"the following ingredient"of the type"many suming up"and the type"one-sided suming up"in"guǎn"compound sentence regards as to express all around.But the type"many enumerates"the book didn't mention.The type"many enumerates"divides into three kinds:①a+b+c②a+不a③a+z. The grammatical meaning of the"following ingredient"of"a+b+c"type is"with several which enumerates represents all members."The grammatical meaning of the"following ingredient"of"a+不a"type is"use the two aspects of deny and positive to represent all members."The grammatical meaning of the"following ingredient"of"a+z"type is"by the two vertical aspects summing up all members."All types of"the following ingredient"in"many enumerates"type expressed that"all around".So,all the type of the"following ingredient"in"guǎn"compound sentence's semantic characteristic may describe for [+ the meaning of all around].Third, the pragmatic effection:1,The studies on toneThe tone of"guǎn"sentence relate"buguǎn"sentence is more intense. Therefore, the author believed that the"guǎn"sentence and the"buguǎn"sentence are both one form of the strengthens tone, but two kind of sentence strengthening rank sequence is:"guǎn"sentence>"buguǎn"compound sentence2,The study on the pragmatic effection of"guǎn"sentence"guǎn"sentence is one kind of comple sentence which has some special pragmatic effection .It has the greatly strengthened sentimental color in"guǎn"sentence which often be used in context of the violent mood. Useing"guǎn"sentence can express the despition,contradiction and even threatention .