| Abstract: Projection, in the systemic-functional grammar, refers to a kind of logical-semantic relationship between two components in the complexes, and exists in such structures as the nominal group complexes, verbal group complexes, clause complexes and embedding. From the perspective of the logical components in the linguistic system, Halliday has made a deep description of the relationship between clauses within a clause complex, and the functional framework of this description is divided into two systems: system of interdependency and logico-semantic system. The system of interdependency, a 'tactic' system, is divided into two sub-systems: parataxis and hypotaxis; the logico-semantic system is divided into two sub-systems: expansion and projection. They appear either in the rank of clause or in the rank of group.Halliday ( 2000: 441/516 ) defines 'projection' as 'the logical-semantic relationship whereby a clause comes to function not as a direct representation of (non-linguistic) experience but as a representation of a (linguistic) representation', and this relationship 'is always, in fact, a relationship between processes—between a mental or verbal process on the one hand, and another process of (any kind) that is mentalized or verbalized (projected) by it.' Furthermore, Halliday has distinguished the three main projection types: reports, ideas and facts; and from the functional and semantic perspective, he has made a deep discussion on the following seven phenomena of projection such as quoting, reporting, facts and embedding.Language teaching involves text teaching, clause teaching and group teaching. Thus, in Chapter Two and Chapter Three , this paper, more systemically, analyses the pragmatic functions and meanings of the three projection types in the nominal group complex, verbal group complex and the clause complex. In Chapter Four, the Projection Theory is applied to the text analysis and text teaching. It is believed that the Projection Theory can play a positive role in understanding the meanings of the text; especially in text teaching, we should pay much more attention to the distinctive roles of clarifying the meanings of the projecting nouns in embedding in a nominal group complex and the projecting verbs in a verbal group complex as well as the projection quote/report distinction in a text. Projection type can determine text genre. This paper also examines the distributions of the projection group complexes and clause complexes in the six texts of three different genres ( comment, report and advertisement ), expounds the genre variations of projection types and makes a fundamental analysis and explanation of the relationship between text and genre. |
