The American Foreign Policy To Saudi Arabia During Nixon Administration

The dissertation bases on declassified documents of Foreign Relations of the United States, and mainly studies the American foreign policy to Saudi Arabia during the Nixon administration. In 1969, when Nixon assumed the reins of government, the U.S. diplomacy faced challenges and difficulties in the Middle East. First, several Arab countries have severed diplomatic relations with American for American take sides Israel in the third Middle East war. Second, the Soviet Union develops the friendship with some radical Arab countries and the communism force infiltrate further in the Middle East. Third, it seems no solution to the Arab-Israel deadlock and the danger of a new war in the Middle East is very near. Forth, the ally Britain has withdrawn its force from the Persian Gulf. A new foreign policy to the Persian Gulf made by American to fill the vacuum leaved by Britain, stick up for his advantage in the Middle East and hold back Russian. The new policy is called twain pillars for the U.S. choose Saudi and Iran as his allies in that place to realize America advantage. Before the forth Middle East war, the U.S. Middle East foreign policy is to aid Israel for assuring Israel ability to overcome any insert and hold back the Soviet Union. Therefore, American take sides Israel in Arab-Israel negotiation. As conference as Saudi, the U.S. just think it as a economic pillar for stabilize the Middle East economy, and American do not attach importance to Saudi political strength. When the forth Middle East war breaks out, the U.S. disregard the Arab countries opposition and persists in aiding Israel. The action changed the war situation and riled Saudi Arabia. Saudi use oil weapon give American a lesson. Oil embargo bring an energy crisis to and an economical crisis to the west world. Saudi become very important in the international polity. The U.S. had to change his attitude to Saudi and begin cooperate with Saudi in polity and military. American tried to develop special relations with Saudi. The Saudi-American relation comes in a new era.The dissertation includes four parts as follow:Introduction: mainly narrates the article's research object, content, and the present situation of academic research on this topic and practical significance.Text: explores the U.S. foreign policy to Saudi Arabia during the Nixon administration in detail. The text is divided into four parts.Part One narrates the background of U.S. foreign policy to Saudi Arabia when Nixon assumed the reins of government. First reviews American foreign policy to Saudi from Roosevelt to Johnson administration. Then narrates the change of Middle East situation and Saudi status in Middle East after the third Middle East war. The change is the background of U.S. foreign policy to Saudi Arabia when Nixon assumed the reins of government.Part Two discusses in the beginning of Nixon administration American foreign policy to Saudi Arabia. First narrate the Saudi Arabia is how important to American, then talk about American rely on Saudi Arabia and Iran take twin pillar policy in gulf and Saudi status in twin pillar policy.Part Three discuss Nixon administration adjust its Saudi foreign policy and develop special relation with Saudi. During the forth Middle East war, Saudi institute oil embargo to American for Nixon take sides Israel. The oil embargo bring energy crisis to the west world and influence Saudi–American relation. Saudi status raise in the Middle East and the whole world. American try to develop special relation with Saudi.Part Four summarize the characteristic of Saudi- Saudi–American relation and analyze Saudi's status in American Middle East strategy, then evaluate the factor that decide and influence American foreign policy to Saudi.Conclusion: evaluate Nixon administration foreign policy to Saudi and its influence to Saudi-American relation.