American Policies On Italy And The Conclusion Of Italian Peace Treaty (1945-1947)

After the Second World War, the international situation changed tremendously. As a result of the disappearance of the common enemy, the political basis for the co-operation between America and the Soviet Union was shacked a lot, which led to the gradual collapse of the ally of anti-fascist. American policies on Italy between 1945 and 1947 were mainly shown through the issue how to deal with Italy, which was a loser in the war. Italy was a traditional western county. In the course of conclusion Italian peace treaty, in order to keep Italy from adopting neutrality, and to establish its leading status in Italy and Europe, America opposed weakening Italy excessively with the way of preventing Soviet Union from interfering Mediterranean matters. The substance of policies on Italy was America and the Soviet Union contended the spheres of influence in Europe. The conflict of America and the Soviet Union's policies and the essential differences in their strategic interests resulted in the gradual deterioration of their relationship formed during the war, which finally acted as a factor of the breaking out the Cold War.This thesis mainly consists of 3 parts: preamble, the text and conclusion. The preamble mainly introduces the object and the contents of this research and the internal and external research condition. Text is the main body of this thesis. It is made up of the first part: the background of American policies on Italy, including the international situation and American strategically intention of concluding the Italian Peace Treaty; the second part: in the course of conclusion peace treaty ,the divaricating in concluding the peace treaty and the final compromise between America and Britain, France, Soviet Union and other allies, which centered on issues such as Italian colonies in Africa; the boundary between Italy and Yugoslavia, the adscription of Trieste ; the issue of Italian reparation ; the content of Italian peace treaty; the third part: the influence and evaluation of American policies on Italy. In the conclusion part, it concludes the whole text based on the former part. On the basis of the former research and with the help of the existing materials, this thesis mainly analyzes American policies on Italy from 1945 to 1947 and the conclusion of Italian peace treaty.