An Analysis Of Sima Qian And Tragic Heroes In Shiji

Sima Qian, by investigating the opportunities of nature and human, mastering the changes of the ancient and modern and forming his unique opinion, has created Shiji, a perpetual flow a dazzling milestone in the Chinese nation history. Shiji is the great literature as the general history. It takes the characters as the center to the narration of the historical events. Therefore, the characters are the soul in the entire book. Noticeably, Shiji had the massive images of the defeat heroes. This kind of character, through meritorious deeds by its remarkable military ability or wisdom, reveals the heroic spirit. However, they finally either suffer the torture to be killed, either helplessly suicide. Even if they live on dishonorably, several people are also despondent life-long and miserable. Sima Qian has a unique and the complex sentiment to this series of characters, from whom he once obtained the heroic achievement and is also full of sorrow to their defeat. Why does Sima Qian have preference to this kind of character? How is his emotion attached to these defeat heroes? This article, on the basis of the predecessor's researches and the background at that time and through a series of images of defeat heroes, is to explore Sima Qian's family sense of honor, express indignant emotion as well as discuss the contribution in history of literature.This thesis is divided into the following parts:Firstly, defeat heroes. Under the premise of fixing failure and hero, this part inducts the defeat heroes and divides them into three kinds: (1) military valiant general, such as Li Guang, Meng Tian; (2) ruler' advisers, such as Wenzhong, Chaocuo; (3) warlock persuasive talkers, such as Suqin. Their great achievements and bleak final ends are analyzed as the starting point in this part. Secondly, Sima Qian is discussed from the acts of the heroes.Sima Qian is inferred as having the heart of undertaking the glorious career, the sense of the family honor and the simple metal consciousness from the narration of these defeat heroes.Thirdly, Sima Qian is talked about from failure of heroes. Different defeat heroes have different defeat reasons. However, they are attacked to some extent by calumny. Especially, Sima Qian also suffers great misfortune because of Liguan's case. As the result of these facts, Sima Qian has intense anger. But owning to the special times, Sima Qian has to write them into Shiji with pains and tears.Fourthly, delicate techniques are used when Sima Qian depicts defeat heroes. Having an objective attitude, Sima Qian uses writing devices of contrast, the side depicts wields and individuation to depict the defeat characters to display his anger in Shiji. These give certain influence on the generation's literature.Fifthly, the images of the defeat heroes have influence on the generation's literature. This set of images that Sima Qian molds have firmly experienced the time ordeal and they have frequently appeared to have been in descendant poems, words, bends, and novels. Until recently, the films such as"hero","myth"have also magnificent images. Moreover, Sima Qian also sends out anger tradition to make the decedent writers have found reasonableness but safe ways to give ventIn short, that large amount of the heroic defeat images has appeared without any occasion. In Shiji, Sima Qian's deep tragedy consciousness and intense sense of historical responsibility are vividly embodied.