The Correlation Between Temperament Types And Delay Of Gratification In Children From Age 3 To 5

In the first study, based on the questionnaire of children, Cluster analysis was conducted using SPSS in attempt to classify the temperament types of the children. And five main temperament types were classified from one hundred and eighty-two 3 to 5 year olds. Then randomly select thirty-four children as the subjects according to the ages and temperament types. The study then employed the method of experimental observation to observe the ability of delay of gratification. It tried to examine the correlation between temperament types and delay of gratification in children from age 3 to 5 and whether they have some difference on the behavioral expression, thereby providing some deeper insights in the influence of reasons on the development of delay of gratification in children. The study also tried to provide academic reference for the Department of Education to carry out the preschool education and the training of the self-imposed delay of gratification.The result indicated:1. The ability self-imposed delay of gratification is significantly different among the children from 3 to 5. According to experimental observation, the 3 to 5 years old children's self-imposed delay of gratification ability develops with age increasing. 3-year-old children rarely used delay strategies and few of them finished the task. Also, the average time of self-imposed delay of gratification is comparatively short. 4-year-old children's activities showed constancy, average time of self-imposed delay of gratification is significantly longer. 5-year-old children's delay strategies are self-distraction, the number of the children who finished the task increased significantly, so did the average time of self-imposed delay of gratification.2. Among the age of 3-to-5-year-old children, there is significant difference between temperament types and self-imposed delay of gratification. The ability of self-imposed delay of gratification in children of inhibitory type and sensitive type are significantly higher than the one in children of equalization type and vivacious type. The children of concentrative type are significantly higher than the children of equalization type and very much significantly higher than the children of vivacious type.3. Among the age of 3-to-5-year-old children, interaction between the age and temperament types is not significant as to the influence on ability of self-imposed delay of gratification...