From Marxism To Idealism

Berdyaev is a famous religious philosopher in Silver ages. At first, he from believe in at the beginning Marxist arrive give up the Marxism to change direction afterwards idealism. At the end, Berdyaev converts to East archimandrite. The reason of this kind of change is various, among them rising factor of decide the function is: First, the influence of the Russian traditional culture. Second, Germany is only the influence of the heart doctrine. Third, Berdyaev's mistake read about Marxist. This text is talk about these three aspects. Point analysis the third aspects.In the first aspect, I discuss Berdyaev get in touch with the philosophy for the first time when he is 14 years old. He read many work of philosopher. Be subjected to German idealism influence deeply. He worships Kant and Schopenhauer very."The first philosopher that I am deep to feel is Schopenhauer.""Kant is my tutor in philosophy."Kant and Schopenhauer's free philosophy view profound influence him. In Kant's mind"free will"doesn't mean arbitrarily. It must obey morals regulation which direct decision will. Schopenhauer think: will as a comfortable thing, it must independence in all the form and result, have the absolute freedom. Will disobedience in rational rule, include the practice reasonableness. On this, Berdyaev is more close to Schopenhauer. In Berdyaev's mind, freedom is the freedom of the Christianity. This kind of freedom is the absolute freedom. And is not contact together with obey. Freedom means disobedience anyone or anything. Certainly include morals rule.In the second part discuss the influence of the Russian traditional culture to Berdyaev. Russian traditional culture is great and deep. The essence is the thought in Russia. Berdyaev had ever said in his thought autobiography: Although there are western factor in my mind, I still feel I was one of the Russian knowledge member who investigate the truth. It is thus clear that the Russian traditional culture produce the deep influence on him. In this part is talk about the influence of Russian religious philosophy and culture. This must say two big ideologists in Russian: Soloviev and Dostoyevsky. Soloviev is the No.1 religious philosopher in Russian, his religious philosopher thought affect exactly generation Russian knowledge member. Berdyaev is one of them. In Berdyaev's autobiography《Ego understanding-- the thought autobiography》he said:"Say for me, talk about God-man is means I change direction to religion"Soloviev's religious philosophy thought rises the important function in Berdyaev's believe in change. In the middle at author, mainly mean Dostoyevsky's influence. The Russian's spirit represent in Dostoyevsky's works influence Berdyaev deeply. In fact, from Dostoyevsky's thought inheritance Berdyaev formation his own spirit method and his special free spirit philosophy.In the third part, I discuss Berdyaev's misread to Marxism. The content include Berdyaev's personal problem,free problem,revolution problem,Socialism etc. and the disagreement on Marxism. Berdyaev thinks about people on ethics and morals but Marxism think about people on social aspect. The Marxism think People is social person who can exertive only when he threw in social. Berdyaev concerning the freedom must antinomy with inevitable, People must be free. So People shouldn't sacrifice the life for the Communism blue print. In Berdyaev's mind Marxism must coming sooner or later, we need only waiting. Marx's theories affirm the revolutionary certainly meeting bleed the sacrifice. According to this Berdyaev even has the reason to object the Bolshevistic revolution which limit person's free. Communism revolutions exterminate the freedom in spirit and thought, and gave a hard tolerate position to the thinker. So the Russian revolution is"reactionary in culture and behindhand in Intelligence."Say totally that come: the influence of the Russian traditional culture and the idealism in German,his misread about the Marxism and his own incline to idealism and the Russian's social situation at that time . All that urged Berdyaev give up the Marxism change to idealism, and Convert to the east archimandrite at the end。...