The Republicanism Theory And Its Political Practice On The Initial Stage Of French Revolution, 1789-1794

The Republican and the revolution, it seems no causal link between them. The former represents the violence, while the latter means that the balance of political forces and searching for the will of common interests. But in France, these two are closely combined. The French Revolution means the end of the old era and the beginning of a new era, in which the ideological field changes appear to be particularly far-reaching significance, and the energy has been exploited to the extreme in practice.During the five years after the French Revolution began, the strength of the Republicanism was from the weak to strong, then have gradually become the mainstream thinking. Republicanism had played an important role in the ruling factions responding to the changing situation at home and abroad. In the same time, people began to accept this political concept. On the power crisis moment, it is only the republicanism that can penetrate the political impasse. Meanwhile, in the revolutionary process, the republicanism were given different meanings by the revolutionaries, which causes the contents changing all the time, and ultimately witnessed the monarchy's overthrow.This paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter: to retrospect the origin of the French republicanism. Generally believing that the French republicanism origins can be traced back to the ancient Greece and Rome. Early thinkers interprete the perspective of the Republican principle from exploring the ideal government. It should to establish a "republican" , and focus on the sharing and balancing of power, and the promotion of civic virtue. The traditional theory reached its peak in the medieval city-state practice, and it is inherited and carried forward in the modern theory and practice. Especially the United States republicanism practice.The second chapter: to describe the born of the French republicanism. The true origin of French republicanism can be considered from the Enlightenment. Facing with the situation in France, the Enlightenment thinkers gave relentless attacks on the Ancient Regime and put forward some ideas to make certain changes to the appearance of French. Thinkers inherited from our predecessors in the spirit and thetheory, based on the France's national conditions, advocated the establishment of a Republic. When the Revolution broke out, people had a in-depth understanding on republicanism. After the Varennes incident, republicanism was rising in France. People were extremely disappointed to the Sovereign and urgently called for the establishment of a Republic.The third chapter: to analyze that how is the succession and change of the French republican ideology under the revolution. The republicanism in the early stage French Revolution is not always the same. When the Constitutional Monarchy was in power, republicanism began sprouted, it's be a relatively moderate. After the French First Republic was established, the republicanism is from moderate to radical gradually. Till the Montagards were in power, republicanism completely deviated from its original direction towards ultra-radical.The fouth chapter: to summarize the achievements and shortcomings of the republicanism in the early French Revolution. Five years after the French Revolution began, the Republican politicians finned their ideals, the people had accepted the Republican ideology. This five-year, Republican principle had been established and formed the traditional formulation of the Constitution. Meanwhile, in practice there were some inadequacies, such as power disruption, civil rights restricted, and so on. All these lessons are worthy to be learned by the future generations.