Cultural Exchange Of "BUSHIDO" Between China And Japan In Late Qing And The New Republic Era

"BUSHIDO" has become one of the universal words. The term originally comes from the ethics of Japanese Samurai class which dominated Japan from the 12th to 19th century. But the concept of "BUSHIDO" understood today is not the same of old time. The new one is a totally new conception created and referred by Nitobe Inazou (1862-1933) in his book "BUSHIDO—the soul of Japan— (1899)" after the Meiji Restoration.Japan was the first country completed modernization in Asia. After that, Japan hung up "a plan for enriching the nation and building up the defenses" and kept her mind on the development of industries and the building up of armaments in order to catch up with the great powers of the West and to occupy an important position in the world. In those days "BUSHIDO" as the basic spirit of defenses, gave the birth of "BUDO (Ken-do or Ju-do)" as a basic training for solders, which penetrated into the education and the whole society of Japan. In fact, from late Meiji era to early Shouwa era(1900-1950) was the peak point of the "Budo" of Japan.On the other hand, the Imperial Court of Qing finally opened her eyes wide and looked the success of modernization of Japan. Advanced bureaucrats schemed for a restoration, which the success case of Japan served as their primary model. Their main thought was "a plan for enriching the nation and building up the defenses", too. After founding the New Republic of China, the policy of Chinese WUSHU(tradi-tional martial arts) also reached climax as a physical education in order to inspire people to build up a strong country.Under these background, the Subject of this thesis is to trace out the development of the policy of defense between China and Japan, and then to understand Sino-Japan cultural exchange of "BUSHIDO(Brave-ism)" in Late Qing and The Republican era.