The Construction Of Traffic And Communication By Nanjing Nationalist Government And Its Influence In 1927-1937

Traffic and communication are important infrastructure,which is pivotalto the development of economy, politics and society. During RepublicanChina, The development of traffic and communication is very fast, the role tonational development is obvious.Nanjing ten years(1927-1937) is a period of economic fast developmentperiod in modern China history. To Anti-Japanese War, modern traffic andcommunication China system came into being, railway, road, ship, aviation,post and communication make up of the life blood of modernizationconstruction and commercial economy and this is epoch-making to China'seconomy. Furthermore, the development of modern traffic andcommunication also prepared for the coming Anti-Japanese War.1,A Survey of Traffic and Communication ConstructionDuring Nanjing ten years,the development of railway, road, harbor,airline, post and communication is very fast, this condition is different fromformer period. shipping and railway developed faster than other trafficestablishment, which caused some unbalanced phenomena in traffic andcommunication. Before Anti-Japanese War, the development of traffic andcommunication form a condition of balance.To railway, new built line give more attention to intercommunicate andaccelerate draggle areas. New railway made the main stem of south-north andeast-west came into being, the former as Peiping-Canton line andDatong-Fenglingdu line, the latter as Hangzhou-Nanchang line. To road, layemphases on the development of far and leaning inland and military-politicalrequirement, rapidly, the whole country covered by road net, which is veryegregious. To water carriage, river traffic expander and reinforced, seaportconstruction enhanced besides. To civil aviation, the developmentinaugurated a new era, formed airlines connecting inland and foreign country,and it is the newest and fastest traffic manner. To post and communicationexpanded basing on former construction, covered more land and equipmentincreased.2,Management and Control of Traffic and CommunicationDuring Nanjing ten years,the management of traffic and communicationare also important. Compared with hardware of establishment, the softwareof management also made a great progress.Management of all kinds of traffic and communication pay attention totaking back rights controlled by imperialist superpowers, making homegovernment's control to traffic and communication. Reinforced the centralgovernment's consolidate management to the traffic and communication allover the country, noticed to overcome each does things in his own way oflocal government.To railway, pay attention to raising freight efficiency, and developthrough traffic with other traffic, and develop passenger transport to increaseincome. To road, military-political use too much but civil use underdeveloped,it was mainly influenced by the lagging conditions of road traffic tools. Towater carriage, state-owned enterprise pushed reform, the benefit increased,private enterprise payed more attention to competition with foreigner. Civilaviation was just in beginning condition, but its management faced to marketand this new traffic developed well, managed in orderly ways. Post andcommunication noticed plan as a whole all over the country, reinforced thenet of post and communication, hastened whole country's economic andpolitical ties.3,Influence of the Development of Traffic and CommunicationThe development of traffic and communication During Nanjing tenyears brought important influence.First, the constructing of traffic and communication made the moreperfect infrastructure in China. To Anti-Japanese War, China had built a netcomposed by water, land and sky traffic. During Nanjing ten years, theNationalist Government based on the constructed causes of traffic andcommunication, adverted to improve the development of the poor closeinland, these area connected with outsides more freely, the formation ofunifying market benefited from this progress in sizable degree.Second, traffic and communication construction was a part of nationaldefense, the central government seized the initiative control of all kinds ofmodern traffic and communication. This control was very important fornational defense, especially for the coming Anti-Japanese War. However,combining the condition of Anti-Japanese War, we can't overrate the role oftraffic and communication construction to defense.Thirdly, for cultural intercourse, the development of traffic andcommunication construction in Nanjing ten years accelerated the culturalintercourse, and the convenience reduced the distance in space and timeamong people.