On The Suburbanization Of Edinburgh (1767-1890)

With the development of Edinburgh, the interior carrying capacity was limited. In this situation, Edinburgh began the expansion to suburb both on functions and on scale, namely the suburbanization. Meanwhile, the suburbanization brought some impetus and resistances to the development of Edinburgh. These factors were interwoven and affected each other.I. The origin of suburbanization in EdinburghWhen Rome Empire lost the governance power to British Island, Northumbria in the north British set up a castle on a 138-meters high stone hill in A.D.626,which was Edinburgh Castle. Centuries later, Edinburgh had developed into a town based on the castle. After the unification of England and Scotland, capitalism became the main character of the economy of Edinburgh. At that time, the old town of Edinburgh had arrived at a kind of saturation in the pre-industrialization of middle age: productivity and acceptance level had reached the limit in terms of city plane, space dimensions and city functions. When the Industrial Revolution came, the population increased in times and a great deal of factories and residence were needed to be built up. All of these resulted in enlargement of Edinburgh, which was expected even faster. On the other hand, the super stratum of community, including burgraves, bourgeois, officers and the new middle class wouldn't share the narrow and crowd city with the substrate. Forced by many factors, Edinburgh went through a suburbanization from 1767 to 1890.