The Land Reform In Pingjiang County, Hunan Province

At the beginning of the found of New China, Facing the poor and blank domestic economy , the People's Republic of China chose the land reform to abolish the land system in the feudal society in order to consolidate the new state political power, get the people's support and benefit the masses of the people, which not only abolished the feudal land exploiting system, annihilated the landlord class, made millions of peasants become the owners of the land and aroused the interest of most peasants, but also emancipated the productive forces thoroughly and established the solid foundation for the national economy's resuming and developing in the early days when the state was founded.Pingjiang county was on the common border of three provinces (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi) and three counties (Pingjiang, Tongcheng, Xiushui). It was an old revolutionary district. And it had a very good revolutionary foundation. But there the counterrevolutionary power was strong;it was a strategic place where revolutionary force fought against counterrevolutionary force. After Pingjiang was liberated, the concealing counterrevolutionary force was put up a deathbed struggle. The bandits were rampant. There were thousands of brigands in every village who robbed the people of their valuables and set fire to houses. They formed the counterrevolutionary organization, who disturbed the public order, threatened the security of people's lives, destroyed the reduction of rent for land and of interest on loans and sabotaged the production construction. The social order was turbulent.Since Pingjiang was liberated on July 18th, 1949, the Party Central Committee transferred 65 cadres to take over Pingjiang. Pingjiang County Party Committee and Pingjiang County Government carried on the firm and steadfast land reform movement according to the instructions of the Party Central Committee and Prefectural Party Committee. The struggle of exposing and criticizing the crimes created a stable environment for the land reform.In the early days when the state was founded, the peasants in China thirsted to get land and uphold the land reform. In the land reform movement in Pingjiang county, Hunan province, the land reform was not so smooth as it was thought because there were cadres short of experiences, peasants who had little political consciousness and many ancestral ideas. What's more, there were strong reactionary forces. Before the land reform, the masses were aroused to action thoroughly and a number of cadres were trained under the leadship of the County Party Committee and County Government. In April, 1950 Mingzhu Village made experiments for land reform, which was carried out formally OnNovember 25th ,1950 and ended up in the middle of May,1952,keeping away from the busy production seasons and taking the wave upon wave policy and promoting work in all areas by drawing upon experience gained at key points. It was divided into three groups .The first experimental unit had 16 villages, the second one had 61 villages and the third had 33 villages. There were more 43 villages finishing overall land reform from the winter of 1951 to March of 1952. The land reform in Pingjiang County experienced arousing the masses to action, delimitting the classes, confiscating the land property, allotting the land, checking and general mobilization.Look at the process of the land reform in Pingjiang Coumty far and wide. The achievement could never be doubted .The peasants got the land, improved the life situations and made the land owning system reasonable through the land reform. It also annihilated the landlord class thoroughly and helped the cadres get training and improvement. But because of the subjective reasons and the objective reasons, it had insufficient points. For example, the cadres couldn't make a thorough investigation and study, the farm laborer couldn't be mobilized enough, the middle peasants couldn't be united enough, the bandits couldn't be cleaned up thoroughly and the tactics weren't used well. Some cadres took the threat instead of the policy, which made some over-left and extreme behaviors arise and brought about harmful effects.