Research On Popularization Of Gongan School

Gongan School, having the important influence in Late-Ming, is the reserach objective of this thesis. This theory is of Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhonglang. But Yuan Hongdao is the most important one. They all lived in Gongan Town, Hubei Province, so this school is called Gongan School.In late-Ming, Gongan School is not only a school of literature, but also a group of scholars with the similar taste and interest. The thesis mainly discuss the common customs of the Gongan School. their aesthstic inclination has become the inherent spirit, mode of thinking and value standard .The full text is divided into three chapters. Chapter one describes the culture background and thoughts of the society in Late-Ming. First discuss the mental philosophy and the happy philosophy. The mental philosophy regenerates the morale of intellectual from aspect of thought, make the soul world gradually vivaciously. Yuan Zongdao, Lizhi and Yuan Honglang considered that people must have personal acceptance and the people all have the right to enjoy the life. Meanwhile, extravagant had deeply affects the social atmosphere and the inner world of people, It is normal that people were being excessive. In Late-Ming scholars were faced to the enormous changes of such society and culture, freed out from the traditional ethics , given up the pursuit to morals gradually, come back to the life of individual character and the emotional world. The happy principle becomes the most lofty existence principle in their daily life.Chapter two is a key part. It discuss the aesthstic theory of common customs of Gongan School, section one make an inquiry into the Gongan School's propering and declining. Dicusses the shaping of scholar group of the Gongan School's style of life.It is the inner pleasure to one's content to display, unrestrained human skeleton. Section two concentrates on the common customs literary creation of the Gongan School.Much works of them depict common customs, and people's freedom and lifelikeness. They introduce ordinary common people consciousness and customs . In creating, they show off the happiness ,freedom, pursue pleasant sensation, and also reflect their value judgement,which is closely related to his emphasis on a pleasure-seeking aesthetic life and his profound comprehension of being. Section three told his appreciates in their literature. Pay attention to the amusement function in the vulgar literary works.He treat traditional literature classics with the attitude of diverting himself. Comment Yu ChuZhi, listen to Shuihu , praises the Golden Lotus , and the real poem of folk song ,etc. Yuan Hongdao taste in folk song, not merely stay at the paper, he creating lots of poems ,. Fullof the vulgar temperament and interest, and usually use wild language of village ballad it in the poem.Chapter three is the appraisal of common customs of Gongan School, they love folk poem and folk ballad proverb , The very causes for the secularization of the then essays stemmed from the change of the mental state of intellectuals in Late-Ming. But his change in character and mentality had shortened the self-adaptation proccesss of Gongan School in temperament and were reflecting the profound introspection on the mode of existence for the writers of Gongan School.