The Comparison Between The Colloquial Layer Of The Fenhe River Group And The Northwest Chinese Dialect In Song Dynasty

Some scholars have observed the relationship between the Fenhe river group ,the sub-dialect of the Zhongyuan Mandarin dialect, and the northwest Chinese dialect in Song dynasty, and they have many articles and works about this topic.Using the new method of two -faced evidence integrated by historical linguistic comparison and the evidence provided by historical literature, the thesis compares comprehensively the phonetic phenomena in the colloquial layer in the Fenhe river group with those in the northwest Chinese dialect in Song dynasty, so as to find more linguistic facts to set up the successive relationship between the two. It observes the similar phenomena in Jin dialect in the geographical range of Shanxi province at the same time, and from this we can see the influence of Fenhe River group upon Jin dialect in the earlier time.The following facts provide strong evidences for the close relationship between the Fenhe River group and the northwest Chinese dialect in Song dynasty:I the initial1 the ancient voiced initial became voiceless and the voiced plosives and affricates became aspirated;2 the nasal initials [m,n,η] co-articulate with the voiced plosives of the same place of articulation.II the final1 the non-checked rhymes of Zeng and Tong group interflow with the non-checked rhymes of Shen and Zhen group;2 Dang (Jiang) group interflows with Guo group;3 Geng group is different from Zeng group, and open-mouth rhyme of second Deng of Geng group is different from those of third and forth Deng;4 the nasal endings of Xian and Shan group, Shen and Zhen group disappear, the vowels become nasalized or even pure vowels;5 rhyme Zhi (^) and Wei (ijk) of Zhi (it) group interflow with rhyme Yu(J&)ofYu (i§) group;6 group of Xiao and Liu with labial initial interflow with group of Yu;The following phenomena explain the earlier influence of Fenhe River group upon Jin dialect: I the initial1 the phenomenon that the ancient voiced initial became voiceless and the voiced plosives and affricates became aspirated is not only popular in Fenhe River group but can be found in Lvliang group, sub-dialect of Jin dialect;2 in Shanxi province, the three group initials of Zhi, Zhuang and Zhang are pronounced as [ts] ^ [t§] on the same condition, except that theyare pronounced as [pf] before round-mouth rhymes in Fenhe River group; 3 the initial of Ri (HO has the remnant pronunciation of [nj. II the final1 the phenomenon that the non-checked rhymes of Dang and Jiang groups interflow with Guo group is kept in Fenhe River group and Lvliang group of Jin dialect;2 the colloquial reading of open-mouth rhyme of the third Deng of Jia group exists both in Fenhe River group and in some places of Lvliang group;3 the rhyme of Group of Yu with the initial [n> L ts^ ts\ s] become [au^ ou];4 the phenomenon that the rhyme Zhi (3L) and Wei ($&) of Zhi (ih) group interflow with rhyme Yu(l!)of Yu (ill) group is not onlypopular in Fenhe River group but can be found in Bingzhou group and Lvliang group in Jin dialect.From our research, the Fenhe River group holds many common phonetic phenomena with the northwest Chinese dialect in Song dynasty, it is the direct successor of the later. During the course of development in nearly 1000 years, the Fenhe River group has constantly received influence from the Zhongyuan Mandarin and Beijing Mandarin, many phonetic features of Song dynasty have either disappeared or changed regularly. Some features can be seen in the Lvliang group, the sub-dialect...