Research Of Synonymous Relation About Dwelling Noun In The Lunyu

Dwelling noun is a noun referring to the human living environment. The thesis discussed 11 group and 32 synonymous dwelling nouns in the Lunyu. The meaning change and synonymous relation among dwelling nouns were discussed by certifying similarities and arguing differences. After his death, Confucius's followers and disciples collected and recorded the sayings of Confucius and his disciples in an essay which is in the form of a dialogue, now known as the Lunyu. This work was finished in the early Warring States period. It's a classic of the Ru School. The important thing is always taken on the research of the Lunyu in China. But it's seldom to analyze the synonyms by comparison in a context in the Lunyu. This thesis attempted to analyze the synonyms by comparison in the Lunyu. In order to concentrate the content on a dwelling subject , which is apt to discuss, and in that dwelling nouns in the Lunyu influence the modern Chinese phrases, by comparison of synonymous relation to find Chinese phrases development clues , then to supply advantageous proofs and worthy conclusions for Chinese meaning study. The nouns describing dwelling were selected to compare in the Lunyu. Three questions were mainly discussed in the thesis: 1. Discernment of synonyms and synonymous relation. 2. Classification of synonymous relation of dwelling nouns in the Lunyu. 3. Dwelling nouns in the Lunyu reflect the synonymous relation characters of pre-Qing dynasty Chinese phrases. The subject in the thesis was the synonymous and relevant dwelling nouns in the Lunyu. Above all, the synonymous relation was proven. In some cases, it doesn't work and is hard to apply theories and methods of modern Chinese synonym to ancient phrase. The theories, method and application experience of experts were referred in the thesis. The phrase environment, that is , context was especially concerned. What's more, "The method of relation"of Mr xuzhengkao was primarily adopted and "the method of compare" was supple mentally applied to concluding dwelling noun synonymous group. Summarily, three kinds of synonymous noun in the Lunyu were concluded: 1. premises, room and component, for example: gong / shi, ting / tang, ju/ chu / suo, guan (baiguan) / shijia, chaoting / zongmiao,chao / shi / si,men / hu / you / yu. 2 country, city, village boundary, e.g., guo / bang (bangyu) / jia / sheji (she) / yi, lin / li / xiang / dang.3. road, lane ect. regular facilities dao / lu / tu / jing.11 groups and 32 phrases were concluded. Most part of the thesis discussed classification of the synonymous relation of dwelling nouns in the Lunyu. According to the context of the Lunyu, the phrase's usage was discussed whether it belonged to dwelling noun. Its usage development was researched. Then the phrase was compared with the synonym in the same group. By certifying similarities and arguing differences, phrase was compared with other and its development was research, referring to relevant exegesis and books like "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", "Er Ya"and "Shi Ming", and achievement of the predecessor and experts. Lastly, the synonymous relation characters of pre-Qing Chinese phrases reflected by the dwelling nouns in the Lunyu were summarized in four aspects: 1. the synonymous rate difference between synonyms 2. the application subject difference between synonyms. 3. the difference between synonyms noun, as Gao Di (Tall and Short), Shang Xia (Above and Under), Nei Wai (In and Out). 4. the source difference between synonyms.