Tenancy system existed for thousands of years with the development of feudal society of China. And until the Republic of China, it was still playing an important role in the country and influenced the farmer's life, production, even the whole country's operation. Analyzing the tenancy system in twenties and thirties of the twentieth century, this dissertation illuminated that the tenancy system of this era was feudal and backward, bringing about many unfavorable impacts on the country society. It not only deteriorated the rural economics, but also distressed the farmer's life. In general, the tenancy system was an important cause of the country's poverty and backwardness in the Republic of China.
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