The Study On Directional Words "Lai" And "Qu" In Biyan Lu

Biyan Lu, a Buddhism Scripture in the Song dynasty, was accomplished from 1125 to 1128, which were the early years of south Song dynasty and the last years of north Song dynasty. The Song dynasty was a interim, a connecting link between the preceding and the following, in Chinese language developing history. In this period, Chinese language was developed and perfected richly, and the style of writing was transformed from Wen-yen to colloquialism and maturated gradually.Biyan Lu is a Buddhism Scripture that recorded Yuanwu Buddhist monk's explanations to his followers about the Buddhist doctrines, which is a true emersion to the spoken Chinese language in the Song dynasty, and reflected accurately the characteristics and developing rules of the Song dynasty's Chinese language.Based on Biyan Lu's language materials, this paper investigated and described the remarkable characteristics and plentiful uses of directional words "Lai" and "Qu" in Biyan Lu, analyzed their uses as verb, verbal auxiliary, state auxiliary, structural auxiliary and mood auxiliary ;with the investigation and the language materials of different periods, Diachronic comparison and demonstrations have been done. The process of the uses and semantic changing from substantive to function and the evolving and developing relation between them have been illustrated. These will help to realize and explain the structures , the grammatical meanings, the characteristics and developing rules of Chinese directional words "Lai" and "Qu" wholly and deeply.