| The history of educational films during the period of the Republic of China began with the practice of the Shangwu publishing house in 1918 and was ended when the National party's political power was over in 1949. It left a deeply track during the history of Chinese movies. However, from the nowadays books on Chinese movie history, we can't find any introduction of this special movie history. So, this paper try to do some work to make up this lost history. Through drawing the outline of this history, I hope to provide a new realm for its further research.In the exordium, this paper analyzes the historical environment of educational films during the period of the Republic of China. Then, it raises a point of view that the historical environment, in fact, includes the national environment and the international environment. And the Chinese educational films were born and formed in these special historical and social environments. In the second part of the exordium, the paper pays attention to the systems of educational films. It points out that the educational films can be looked on as three systems. Firstly, it is a technical system. Secondly, as a audio梫isual representative system. At last, as a social structure. According to the above three aspects, the paper wants to extinguish the educational movies from the conventional commercial films.The overall structure corresponds with the dividing periods of the development of educational films during the period of the Republic of China, and hence, the latter is to be discussed in three chapters:Chapter one discusses the beginning period (1918-1937). Marked by the innovative practice of Shangwu publishing house. Then, this chapter concentrates on the establishment of this period's educational film industry conducted by the National party during the 1928-1937, because, from then on, the educational film industry began to go mature at a high speed. Also, this chapter describes the production and screen of educational films in some universities in those days, such as JinglingUniversity, Daxia University and so on. In the final part, the paper lists lots of representative films and the theoretical outcomes of this period.Chapter two discusses the Comparative prosperous days of this kind of movies (1937~1946). This period was followed with the war of resistance against aggression between China and Japan and was ended when the National party government returned from its temporary Capital Chongqing to its routine Capital Nanjing in 1946. During the ten years of war, the educational films entered into its prosperous days in Chongqing period, comparing with the fade of the conventional commercial films in the same period. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first one is about the educational film history in Wuhan period. The second is about its development in Chongqing period. Furthermore, there are three subsections completely dealing with the film industry, its theoretical outcomes, film works and its technical innovation.Chapter three discusses the declining days (1946-1949). This period was also the ending days of the period of the Republic of China. In these days, the educational film industry has formed in a big scale. But, in the three years, it didn't produced so many films as those of its former period. Due to the quick erosion of the National party government, the scale of the educational film industry owned by the bureaucratic groups of the National parry became larger and larger. Then, following the complete collapse of the National party government, the educational film ended its history during the Republic of China at the same time. After introducing the overall station of the educational movie in this period, the paper uses two subsections to completely introduce its industry and the important theoretical conclusions in its final days.Finally, in the last part, the paper tells the importance of drawing the outline of the educational film history during the period of the Republic of China.Also, there is an appendix added at the end... |
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