On The Characteristics Of Jiaozhou Yangko And Its Development And Protection

Jiaozhou Yangko, a traditional folk art form, develops a school of its own among all Chinese yangkos because of its unique music, dancing and yangko palylets. It has been enlisted in the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage of China, however, the speed-up of urbanization and quick change of social environment make Jiaozhou Yangko in dire need of protection.This article makes an argument on the relics of Jiaozhou and Jiaozhou Yangko under the background of regional culture, and at the same time analyses Jiaozhou Yangko from the aspect of ethnic musicology.The paper also illustrates that the geographical advantages of Jiaozhou Peninsula, the developed local economy and pluralistic culture of early Jiaozhou made a perfect cradle of Jiaozhou Yangko. The following close-up atmosphere triggered by the economic recession of Jiaozhou district preserved Jiaozhou Yangko's special art form, which combining singing, dancing and performing all together, up to the early Republic of China. Then the playlets of Jiaozhou Yangko shrinked gradually. The author also attributes the great development of Jiaozhou Yangko to the collision of traditional culture and modern cultural elements at the turn of social form, and also to the people's unceasing necessity for the innovation of daily entertainment. Several factors are concluded for the development of Jiaozhou Yangko, respectively of region, of culture and of civilization. The analysis is also carried out with other social elements.The aria and Qupai in Jiaozhou Yangko playlet music have the features of ditties in Jiaozhou folk songs, which endorse Jiaozhou Yangko music with strong local ardor. The actor's or actress' personal acting style and multi-culture of the port city differs the aria of Jiaozhou Yangko playlets. Rooted in the farming culture, Jiaozhou Yangko is also related to Zaju of Yuan Dynasty.This thesis explains that the characteristics of Jiaozhou Yangko is produced by collision between the unique regional environment and culture torrent, and deeply analyses the ethnic traits in Jiaozhou Yangko music. A conclusion is drawn, that Jiaozhou Yangko combines various art elements such as singing, dancing, performing, Chinese material arts and acrobatics, also possessing the quality of feminine beauty and masculine power, merging Jiangnan singing and dancing manners and the distillation of Zaju rooted in North China. One in all, the Jiaozhou Yangko reflects the admission and approval of the Jiaozhou local culture with pluralistic ardors.The paper along with the research would definitely facilitate the preservation, the legacy, the discovery, the recruitment and the spread of Jiaozhou Yangko. And also our work would undoubtedly benefit the renaissance of Yangko with regionalism and modernism.