Research On The Differences Of "Bing/Ke+Negation"

Modern Chinese modal adverbs "Bing" and "Ke" all can be used before negative forms, with the function of emphasis. It's common for foreign students to make errors when using them. Therefore, the discussion and analysis on "Bing" and "Ke" which are used before negative forms can provide support for both theoretical research and teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the actual corpus, using some research methods like comparative analysis, description and explanation as a union, three dimensions in grammar as combination, this paper comprehensively analyzed the differences and similarities between them in the aspects of semantics, pragmatics and syntax.Firstly, this paper discussed the contexts and the speaker's intentions of them which are also the reason of the errors about them. The speaker uses "Bing+ Negation" with the presupposition that there is someone who thought NP1 was VP1, but the speaker now don't agree with this opinion. The speaker uses "Ke+ Negation" is to highlight NP1 and its characteristics of not VP1 comparing with NP2.In their contexts, NP1 and VP1 are already known, and they both deny that NP1 was VP1. This is the reason of the errors about them. However, they still have differences. Their fundamental difference is that "Bing" is to strengthen the presupposition and NP2 is not necessary; but "Ke" is to highlight NP1 through the contrast with NP2, so both NP1 and NP2 are necessary. "Ke" has nothing to do with the presupposition.Since the "Bing+ Negation" and "Ke+ Negation" have different contexts and pragmatic meaning respectively, the main information and intentions that the speaker going to transfer are also different. That is the essential differences between them which lead to their differences in pragmatics, syntax and other aspects.