| Objectives To investigate the status of mental health of the electric linemen, analyzing the factors impacting their mental health, including their occupational stress, the support from society, their coping style and individual characteristics, then to propose effective intervention strategies and to supply scientific evidence for promoting mental health of electric linemen.Methods We adopted cross-sectional study with random-cluster sampling, investigating 260 electric linemen of the power switchyard and construction corporation of Hunan province by general condition questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90), Mclean's work stress questionnaire, Social Supporting Rating scale and Simplified Coping Style questionnaire. All the data were processed by SPSS 13.0 and the statistical methods included descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), nonparametric test, t-test, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression.Results (1)The positive detection rate of total scores of SCL-90 in the electric linemen of Hunan province was 28.8%, the predominant sub-factors of which were obsessive-compulsive factor, depression factor, interpersonal relationship sensitivity factor and somatization factor. The total scores of SCL-90 and the general average score and all sub-factors scores were higher than domestic norms except interpersonal relationship sensitivity factor.(2)Comparing the SCL-90 scores of different subtypes of the electric linemen indicated that there were significant differences in the scores of obsessive-compulsive and hostility factors in different age groups(P<0.05); the scores of the photic anxiety and psychoticism factors of the unmarried were higher than the married(P<0.05);there were significant differences in the scores of SCL-90 between different family monthly income; the scores of SCL-90 were significant higher in the smokers than those of nonsmokers(P<0.01); there were significant differences of the SCL-90 scores among the different work seniority of the electric linemen(P<0.05), of which the group less than 5 years got the highest scores; the scores were higher in those with night shifts than those without(P<0.05); there were significant differences of the scores between the different frequencies of working overtime(P<0.05),of which the group who worked overtime frequently and occasionally scored higher than those who needn't to work overtime; the scores were higher in those who thought their job dangerous than those who didn't think so(P<0.01);the scores were higher in those who had work accidents than those who didn't have(P<0.01);and there were no significant differences of the scores of SCL-90 in different employment forms and different degrees of education.(3)There were 31.2% of the electric linemen who thought that the level of occupational stress was high, and 32.3% were poor in professional coping ability,3.8% were unsatisfied with their job. There were significant differences of the scores in Mclean's work stress questionnaire between different marital status, degree of education, family monthly income, smoking, work seniority, working shifts, frequencies of extra work and having had work accident or not(P<0.05),and those unmarried, higher level of degree of education, less family monthly income, smoking, shorter working seniority, those who needed to work in shifts and those who had work accidents score higher, respectively.(4)There were significantly positive correlations between the total scores of SCL-90, sub-factors scores and each score of the dimensionality of Mclean's work stress questionnaire (P<0.01), there were significantly negative correlations between the total scores of social supports and each score of the dimensionality(P<0.05),there were significantly positive correlations between the scores of negative coping style(P<0.01), and there were no significant correlation with the scores of positive coping style(P>0.05).(5)The main factors impacting the mental health of the electric linemen of Hunan province, analyzed by multiple linear regression, were professional satisfaction, working injury experience, negative coping style, social supports and smoking.Conclusions (1)The conditions of the mental health of the electric linemen of Hunan province are far from satisfaction, and their general level of mental health are inferior to normal population, which need to be paid close attention to.(2)The level of occupational stress of the electric linemen of Hunan province are higher, and there are factors which impact the occupational stress including marital status, degree of education, family monthly income, employment form, smoking, working seniority, working in shifts, the frequencies of working overtime and working injury experiences.(3)It is closely correlated between the occupational stress, social supports, coping style, smoking, working seniority, working in shifts, the frequencies of working overtime, the level of the risk of the work, working injury experience, age, marital status, family monthly income and mental health in the electric linemen of Hunan province; and the main factors impacting the mental health of the electric linemen are those in the occupational stress as follows:the satisfaction of the work, working injury experiences, negative coping style, social support and smoking.(4)It is positive for the mental health of the electric linemen to reduce occupational stress levels, to enhance social support levels, to adopt positive coping style and to establish healthy life style. |
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