Acheson And American's Foreign Policy In The Beginning Of The Cold War (1945-1953)

During 1945 to 1953, the World changed exquisitely. The end of World Warâ…¡made people's hope of peace come true. But as the war ended, the cooperation relation formed in the war broke too. A cold war structure of two-pole confronted each other come into being. Undoubtedly, as one of the two poles, America played a dominant role in this competition. And from the Undersecretary to Secretary, Acheson stood in center in the policy-making of the USA. From war times to the postwar, Acheson participated in and took charge nearly all policies which had critical effect for the American order.Acheson considered the containment to the Soviet Union as his major object. Therefore he supported the Truman Doctrine positively and competed with USSR in the Middle East. Acheson helped to frame the Marshall Plan and establish the NATO. He promoted the Europe to incorporation and made the Europe the most important ally for the USA. He approved of rearming Germany and integrating into the European integration. In this way the west can strengthen their power and threaten USSR. He published the to put off the aggression act on China. He urged Truman to send armies to Korea When the Korean War broke out. When China joined the war, Acheson did not recognize People's Republic of China and aided Kuomintang in Taiwan. All these actions brought important affections to the Cold War situation.The main body of this paper includes three parts. The first part mainly introduces Acheson and the American's policy to USSR after the war. This part contains Acheson's views on the Iran crisis,Greece and Turkey crisis,Berlin crisis and American's postwar atomic policy. The emphasis is Acheson's "Rotten Apple Theory" and the Truman Doctrine. The second part mainly analyzed Acheson and American's European policy after the war. This involves that Acheson helped to frame Marshall Plan, established the NATO, integrated the Europe for a whole and rearm Germany. The last part mainly discussed Acheson and his East-Asia strategy which involved his efforts on China,Taiwan,the Korean War and reconstruction of Japan.