The Association Between Feudal Autocracy Thought Of Legalist School And The Rise Or Fall Of Qin Dynasty

Feudal autocracy thought Of the Legalist School is one of the most important content in the Ancient Chinese Political Thought, for the monarch determines the stability of the ruling group as far as the whole country. So for politician and ideologist, past and present, the question of monarchy thought is a problem worth to focus on. At all times and in all over the world the politician and ideologist left many great works which play an unexpected role on the monarchy. This kind of idealistic and awareness recognition, which stem form politician and ideologist in the political community, gradually developed into a political thinking mode and influence the Chinese national psychological and political system. Therefore the feudal autocracy thought in ancient china, especially the feudal autocracy thought of the legalist school has an important significance in modern political culture and political system innovation and development.Look at all the studies about feudal autocracy thought, even though a gradual emphasis has been put on it in history study and there are some individual chapters which discuss it in monograph and periodical, there is not so many books which discussed the feudal autocracy thought of Legalist school, especially the association between the legalist school and the rise or fall of Qin dynasty. Qin dynasty is the first feudal autocracy dynasty in ancient china. Though it existed only 15 years and fell in the storm of peasant uprisings, it has a great far-reaching influences and consequences on the Chinese history, even the world history. The study focuses on the history about how the Qin dynasty grow from small to big, from weak to strong and finally unite China, then fell quickly, especially the association between this period of history and feudal autocracy thought of legalist school is an important content in the study of History of Ancient Chinese Political Thought. Both the rise and the fall of Qin dynasty are because of the legalist school thought. Research on these issues and solutions will not only help us know about the characteristics and rule of the Chinese feudal society, but also have certain effect on knowing about the development process of autocratic dominion of Chinese feudal system. Engels once had said: In Greek philosophy, a wide variety of forms, almost all kinds of world view can be found in embryos and after the occurrence process. This is because when the European constructed their own ideology and culture systems, they often trace its origins to ancient Greece. In china, all kinds of ideology and culture systems can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, so this paper chooses the pre-Qin period as background. In this paper we will analysis the association between the Qin dynasty and the origin, form, development and climax of feudal autocracy thought of legalist school, and then summarize the viewpoint: no legalist school, no Qin dynasty.This paper consists of five chapters: Chapter I: the origin of feudal autocracy theory, the formation of feudal autocracy of legalist school. Feudal autocracy is the most essential ecosystem of ancient Chinese Political System, which not only has a long history but also has a strong trend to strengthen. All theories originate from practice of philosophers and ideologists with a strong sense of reform and innovation during the spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. Feudal autocracy means the centralization political system with a core of ancient monarchy; it is born out of the Patriarchy at the end of the primitive society.Chapter II: the basic character and essential of feudal autocracy of legalist school. The history of legalist school can be traced back to Guan Zhong and Zi Chan in the Spring and Autunm Period, and the real ancestor is li kui in the early Warring States. Li Kui, Wu Qi, Shang Yang, Shen Buhai and Shen Dao are the former Representative Men of legalist school. Han Fei in last years of a dynasty or reign of the Warring States is the terminator of legalist school thought. Legalist school take the political thought as center, many legalist school political thinker is also the politician who lead the political reform at that time.Chapter III: feudal autocracy of legalist school improves the Qin dynasty thriving. This paper proves the feudal autocracy of legalist school improve the Qin dynasty thriving by Xiao of Qin, Shang Yang Qin Shi Huang and Han Fei. Chapter IV: feudal autocracy of legalist school speed up the fell of Qin dynasty. Both the rise and the fall are because of legalist school. Qin dynasty fell soon after it established. This has intimate relation with feudal autocracy thought. Feudal autocracy emphasizes the absolute authority of monarch. It apply to troubled times, struggling to seize state power and brilliant emperor. Dim or bright, full or wane is the moon. The balance of yin and yang is broken. Those are the weaknesses of this theory. It needs the person who carries it out achieves equality, but the complete equity is not exist. In practical, centralized state power emphasize harsh laws and cultural tyranny. The legalist school put officer first and uses officer as teacher. Oil and water don't mix, political needs equalization too. Just like nature's food chain, huge amount of elements in any part will cause the crash of the whole food chain. Political like the Yin and Yang, it is not as simple as you have me; in me have you, but a kind of adversarial relationship. In a word, you can use legalist school theory to struggle to seize state power, but can not use it to keep the state power.Chapter V: the study about political equalization in ancient china.