On Translating The Catcher In The Rye From Perspective Of Reiss's Translation Criticism

China's traditional translation and critical theories have a long literary tradition, but they tend to fall into the trap of subjectivism. Since the 1980s, due to the influence of modern Western translation theories and various modern philosophical thoughts, China's translation criticism has made some progress. And more attention is paid to Western translation theories. As a pioneer in functional theories, Reiss introduces the text functions as a standard for translation criticism in her Translation Criticism: Potential and Limitations. Reiss classifies the source texts into content-focused texts, form-focused texts, appeal-focused texts, and audio-media texts, and uses this classification method in translation criticism. Reiss's translation criticism theory proves the possibility of objective evaluation of translation from the point of view of text types, linguistic and extra-linguistic elements.The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger was published in 1951. Among the contemporary American literature, The Catcher in the Rye has been considered to be an enduring classic work by the American people, especially young people. There are two versions of its Chinese translation. One is Shi Xianrong's 1983 translation by Yilin Press. The other is Sun Zhongxu's translation, also published by Yilin Press in 2007. The two translations are quite different in style, and readers are divided in their preference for the translation. The Catcher in the Rye, according to Reiss's text type theory is a form-focused text, with distinct linguistic features. This paper, based on Reiss's translation criticism theory, tries to study Shi Xianrong's and Sun Zhongxu's translation of The Catcher in the Rye from perspective of text types, explore the relationship between the original text and its translation and test the significance of Reiss's theory to literary translation. This paper describes the two translations to reflect the regularity of features, and examines the reasons for these two kinds of translation activities which contribute to a more objective interpretation of the phenomenon of translation.Finally, a conclusion can be made that Reiss's translation theory takes translation as a dynamic activity which consists of original author, translator, audience, translation function, time and space, the media. And Reiss provides the literary translation and translation criticism with scientific and practical guidance.