The Development Of Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction In Severe Emphysema

COPD is a chronic respiratory system disease,with raising high morbidity and mortality.It progresses slow,but seriously affecting the patients'work ability and life quality.Previously,the treatment of COPD mainly depend on the durgs and expectant treatments,but it has less effect with advanced emphysema patients.Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) produces physiological,symptomatic,and survival benefits in selected patients with advanced emphysema.However as it is associated with significant morbidity,mortality,cost,and complicated modus operandi,BLVR depend on its nonsurgical,convenience,more indications and less complications have been developed and studied.Three bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) approaches have shown promise and reached later-stage clinical trials.These include the following: (1) placement of endobronchial one-way valves designed to promote atelectasis by blocking inspiratory flow; (2) formation of airway bypass tracts using a radiofrequency catheter designed to facilitate emptying of damaged lung regions with long expiratory times;and (3) instillation of biological adhesives designed to collapse and remodel hyperinflated lung.The limited clinical data currently available suggest that all three techniques are reasonably safe.However,efficacy signals have been substantially smaller and less durable than those observed after LVRS.Studies to optimize patient selection,refine treatment strategies,characterize procedural safety,elucidate mechanisms of action, and characterize short- and longer-term effectiveness of these approaches are ongoing.Results will be available over the next few years and will determinewhether BLVR represents a safe and effective alternative to LVRS.