The Studies On Effective Substance Basis And Tissues Distribution Of Compound Salvia Plebeian Granules

Urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to the presence of a certain threshold number of bacteria in the urine (usually greater than 100,000/mL). It consists of cystitis (bacteria in the bladder), urethral syndrome and pyelonephritis (infection of the kidneys). Every year over 11 million women are reported having had a UTI in the United States alone, accounting for direct costs of over $1.6 billion. The majority of UTIs are caused by various strains of Escherichia coli (95%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Signs and symptoms of UTI include cloudy urine, dysuria (pain on passing urine), occasionally haematuria (blood in the urine), urinary frequency, and is often associated with pyuria (urine white cell count greater than 10,000/mL).The standard treatment for UTI is antibiotic therapy. Current guidelines, which were used for the empiric treatment of UTI in women, suggested that first-line Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) or Ofloxacin be given for 3 consecutive days. However, rising clinical failure rates of TMP-SMX due to bacterial resistance. The abusage of antibiotic not only produced considerable tolerated strains but also did harm to liver and kidney functions. So we need alternative therapies for prevention of UTI to slow the pace of antibiotic resistance development.Compound Salvia Plebeia Granules (CSPG) was composed of Salvia plebeia R. Br., Plantago asiatica L, Viola philipica CAV. and Serissa. Serissoides (DC.) Druce. It had been used for treating UTI for more than 20 years in Drum Tower hospital without side effects at the range of therapeutic dose, but there were lack of sufficient pharmacology studies. This paper mainly contains the pharmacodynamics study of CSPG, the extraction and separation of Homoplantaginin from Salvia plebeian and the Tissues distribution of CSPG, providing guidance for CSPG's clinical pharmacodynamic action.1 The pharmacodynamics study of Compound Salvia plebeian Granules (CSPG)Study the effective part of CSPG's diuretic and bacteriostatic effects. Using rat metabolic cage to study diuretic effect of the CSPG and every extracted part, and then analyzing the contents of Na+, K+, Cl- in rat's urine; To sudy the MICs of CSPG and every extracted part on different bacteria strains by the method of concentration gradient dilution. In diuretic experiment, doses of 40 g·kg-1 and 20 g·kg-1 of CSPG and extraction of Acetic Ether(AE) can conspicuously increase the urine volume of water load rats and also increase the contents of Na+, K+, Cl-in rats'urine; In bacteriostatic experiment, the MICs of CSPG on E. coli bacteria and Staphylococcus were respectively 0.25 g·mL-1 and 0.5 g·mL-1, the MICs of AE on E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 0.5 g·mL-1 and 1 g·mL-1. CSPG and AE have the diuretic and bacteriostatic effects, and AE is the effective part of CSPG. The diuretic mechanism may be to increase emission of Na+, K+ and Cl-.2 The extraction and separation of Homoplantaginin from Salvia plebeianExtract and separate homoplantaginin from Salvia plebeian and determin the purity and structure of it, provide the standard substance of homoplantginin for Compound Salvia plebeian Granules'pharmacokinetics. Use silica gel column chromatography to separate and purify the sample, and determine the sample's purity by HPLC, then identify its structure by physico-chemical property and spectroscopy methods. After extracting 70% ethanol extract from Salvia plebeian with ethyl acetate and purifying it by silica gel column chromatography, we obtained the compound which had the same Rfwith homoplantaginin, the purity of it was 98.2%. It was identified as 5,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy flavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside by infrared spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (NMRS) and LC-MS.3 The Tissues distribution of CSPGPick the mice's heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach and small intestine separately at 1 h, 4 h, and 7 h after giving CSPG by intragastric administration, and then store the organs in refrigerator at-4℃after washing them using normal sodium. Deal with the tissue samples by methyl cyanide and determinate the concentration of homoplantaginin in different tissues, and then draw the standard curves for every picked organ, inspect their technology significance. As can be seen in the results, the indexes of technology inspection can accord with the revelent standard. The concentrations of homoplantaginin in mice's stomach, kidney and liver are much higher. The higher distribution of homoplantaginin in kidney can be explained by the forming theory of UTI, the theory that UTIs belong to the symptom of humid and heat and are initiated when pathogenic bacteria reach the bladder and kidney through progressivecolonization and multiply in the urine.