Effects Of Stem And Leaf Ginsenoside On Levels Of IL-1β And PAF In Rats With Acute Lung Injury

Objective: Acute lung injury is excessively inflammation syndrome induced by serious injury or infection, which may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).Its mortality is still high because there are not especially effective therapies at present. This study aims to study effects of stem and leaf ginsenoside on levels of IL-1βand PAF in rats with acute lung injury to investigate it has or no protection to acute lung injury and discuss the possible protection mechanism.Methods: 40 pathogen-free adult SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: Normal group (N group) , Model group (LPS group),Ginsenoside group (GS group),Methylprednisolone group ( M-S group).N group (n=10),LPS group (n=1 0)and M-S group (n=10) were injected iv.with NS 5ml﹒kg-1 ,GS group were injected iv.with 90% GS(100mg﹒kg-1﹒ml-1),After two hours LPS group,GS group were injected iv.with LPS(5mg﹒kg-1﹒ml-1),At the same time M-S group were injected iv.with LPS(5mg﹒kg-1﹒ml-1) and Methylprednisolone (40 mg﹒kg-1﹒ml-1) ,N group were injected iv.with 0.9%NS (5ml﹒kg-1).5 hours after the injection of LPS,the arterial gas was examined,Put rats to death observe lung coefficient,wet to dry of weight (W/D),The pathologic changes of lung tissue,The contents changes of the protein of alveolar lavage fluid (BALF),protein and Interleukin-1β(IL-1β),platelet activate factor (PAF) of lung tissue,Interleukin -1β(IL - 1β) and platelet activate factor (PAF) of plasma.Results:1. The arterialoxygen partial Pressure (PaO2) of LPS group,GS group,M-S group rats were significantly lower than N group,LPS group were the lowest,M-S group were much higher than GS group.(Four groups were significantly different(P<0.01),LPS group VS.N group,M-S group,GS group,M-S group and GS group VS.N group(P<0.05),respectively).PH,PaC02 of four groups were significantly different(P<0.05).2. The Lung coefficient,ratio of W/D was the highest in group LPS group and the lowest in N group (LPS group VS.GS group,M-S group,N group P<0.05,respectively); N group VS.GS group (P<0.05); N group VS. M-S group (P>0.05).3. Observe lung tissue by visual inspection :Normal group surface smooth, pale pink, no hyperemia and edema ;LPS group size were increased ,colour and lustre dishes, hyperemia edema obvious,Subcapsular had point flake blood stasis and scattered infarcts; GS group and M-S group hyperemia and edema were much better than LPS group, had no infarcts, M-S group better than GS group . Observed lung tissue by 200 times light-microscope after HE dyeing: Normal group lung tissue structure were clear, no congestion and oozy;LPS group lung microvascular had hyperaemia, bleeding and micro thrombosis, oozy obvious, Amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated , atelectasis;GS group histopathologic changes were similar to the LPS group, But damage was much lighter ;M-S group alveolar space were expand obviously, The damage was lighter than GS group.4. The contents of protein in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung homogenate were the highest in LPS group and the lowest in N group;M-S group much lower than GS group(LPS group VS.N group,GS group,M-S group and N group VS.GS group,M-S group,P<0.05,respectively).5. The contents of IL-1βand PAF in plasma and lung homogenate were the highest in LPS group and the lowest in N group,M-S group much lower than GS group(Four groups were significantly different(P<0 . 01) , LPS group VS . N group,GS group,M-S group , N group VS . GS group and M-S group P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion:1. Injection iv.with LPS(5mg﹒kg-1) may induce an acute lung injury,Manifesting with lower PaO2 and serious changes of pathology in lung tissue.2. Injection iv.with LPS may increase contents of protein in rat lung tissue and broachoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).3. Both Stem and Leaf Ginsenoside and Methylprednisolone may lighten pulmonary edema of acute lung injury rat induced by lipopolysaccharide .4. Injection iv.with LPS may increase contents of IL-1β,PAF in rat plasma and lung tissue .5. Both Stem and Leaf Ginsenoside and Methylprednisolone can lighten lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury and have protection effects to lung injury. One mechanism of action may be that it reduce the levels of IL-1βand PAF to decrease activation of Nuclear factor-κB and then reduce the production and accumulation of TNF-α,Platelet,Neutrophils et al mediators factor,Restrain inflammation feedback network system.