| Objective To investigate the variation rule of leukemia inhabitory factor(LIF) by analysizing the content of LIF in serum,follicle fluid(FF) and endometrium of infertile women in follicle phase,ovum pick-up(OPU) day and midluteal phase, and illuminate the correlation between LIF and the endometrium reception ability, and mechanism of LIF in the process of embryo implantation for improving the embryo implantation rate and the clinic pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology.Methods 48 IVF/ICSI firstly cycles were researched in the center for reproductive medicine of the affiliated hospital of Ningxia Medical University.LIF content of the endometrium in the earlier follicle phase and midluteal phase was measured by RT-PCR,and serum LIF examined by ELISA. Paired t-test ,Chi-Square Test and Pearson correlate were used in analysis of data.Results (1) Serum LIF content on OPU day was significantly higher than that in the earlier follicle phase and midluteal phase(P<0.05); (2) LIFmRNA expression of endometrium was obviously higher in the earlier follicle phase than that in the midluteal phase (20.70±12.15vs1.07±1.48,P<0.05); (3) Serum E2 and P on OPU day were significantly higher than in the earlier follicle phase and midluteal phase(P<0.001),while there was lightly higher in the midluteal phase than in the earlier follicle phase; (4) LIFmRNA of the endometrium in the midluteal phase was positively correlated with the serum P (r=0.287,P<0.05); (5) Serum LIF content on OPU day was positively correlated with that in bilateral FF(right ovary,r=0.808,left ovary,r=0.405,P all<0.05); (6) The serum LIF density and bilateral FF on the OPU day was positively correlated with the serum E2 content(serum,r=0.990,right ovary,r=0.893,left ovary,r=0.968,Pall <0.05); (7) Serum and bilateral FF LIF content on the OPU day were positively correlated with the retrieved follicle numbers (serum,r=0.659,right ovary, r=0.540, left ovary,r=0.431,P all<0.05). LIF content in the right FF was higher than that in the left(67.28±46.15vs54.44±33.09, P=0.052); (8) Serum LIF content of the earlier follicle phase in the pregnancy group was obviously lower than the non-pregnancy group(P<0.05); (9) LIF content in the serum and bilateral FF on OPU day in the pregnancy group were positively correlated with serum E2(serum,r=0.505,right ovary,r=0.497,left ovary,r=0.572,P<0.05); (10) Of the earlier follicle phase and midluteal phase, the endometrium LIF mRNA in female factor infertility group was obviously lower than those in the male infertility group(the earlier follicle phase,17.93±9.36vs 30.04±15.95,the midluteal phase,0.66±0.77vs2.42±2.35,P<0.05); (11) LIF density in serum and FF in the female infertility group was positively correlated whth serum E2(serum,r=0.504,right ovary,r=0.471, left ovary,r=0.420,P<0.05).Conclusions (1) LIF resource locations are different with the phases in menstrual cycle.The main resource of serum LIF is mononuclear cell and macrophage in the earlier follicle phase and midluteal phase.Ovary is the main resource of the serum LIF on the OPU day in IVF-ET cycles; (2) Serum LIF level is consistent with serum E2 and P, indicating that E2 and P participate directly to accommodate LIF creation in reproductive cycle; (3) Serum P can upregulate LIF mRNA expression in endometrium to affect the endometrium receptivity via the P receptor; (4) LIF level in the serum and FF is intimately correlated with the retrieval follicle numbers,and the mature follicle numbers in the right ovary are more than the left; (5) Whatever reasons that induce the female infertility downgrade LIF mRNA expression in the endometrium, and decrease the endometrium reception ability,which can provide molecular etiology for unexplained primary and secondary infertility; (6) Endometriosis, pelvic cavity adhision and fallopian tube disease can have influence on the mature environment of ovum growth.(7) Further investigate the mechanism of regulation factors of LIF to provide theory basis for developing a new anti-implantation therapy.
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