| Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) and blood pressure,left ventricular structure,left ventricular dysfunction so as to provide new ideas for prevention and treaatment of these patients.Methods:The total of 68 outpatients and inpatients were enrolled to investigate between June 2009 and December 2010.They complained of snoring during sleep,daytime associated with repeated arousal palpitations.All patients came to the sleep laboratory for polysomnography(PSG).According to the consequence apnea hypopnea index(AHI), we divided them into three groups:mild OSAS(AHI:5-20), moderate OSAS(AHI:21-40),and severe OSAS(AHI>40). All the people were under the echotrocardiography monitoring to measure the left ventricular structure and function.To compare the difference between the different degrees of OSAS in terms of blood pressure,cardiac structure and function,analyse the correlation between the OSAS and cardiac structure and function.Results:A total of 55 males(80.88%) and 13 females(19.12%) were included in the study.There were no significant differences in their age,sex,body mass index (BMI) and neck circumference (NC) among the OSAS patients(P>0.05),but the incidence of hypertension(40.00%,69.57%,83.33%, respectively)between the three groups showed significant differences (P<0.01).Besides,in mild and severe OSAS the level of blood pressure were higher than in moderate OSAS.In terms of left ventricular structure,the indicators of interventricular septal thickness (IVST)(9.88±1.07mm,10.14±0.99mm, 12.49±0.91mm,respectively),left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT)(9.77±0.70mm,10.52±0.62mm,12.93±1.03mm, respectively), left ventricule mass (LVM) (225.69±34.54g,256.45±32.23g,289.45±46.33g,respectively),left ventricule mass index(LVMI)(124.73±20.86g/m2,142.79±19.70g/m2,150.96±27.17g/m2, respectively) were significant difference (P<0.01)between the three groups.The left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) was measure by LVMI, the results show that the incidence of LVH(33.33%,52.17%,63.34%,respectively) between the three groups showed significant differences (P=0.021).Besides,in mild and severe OSAS the degrees of LVH were heavier than in moderate OSAS. By correlation analysis,it was showed that LVMI was positively correlated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI)(r=0.79).In terms of left ventricular diastolic function, the indicators of the ratio of peak early filling velocity to peak late velocity diastolic(E/A) transmitral flow (1.37±0.08,0.72±0.10,0.70±0.13,respectively) were significant difference (P=0.020)between the three groups. The incidence of E/A<1 (20.00%,43.48%, 53.33%)between the three groups showed significant differences (P=0.042). In mild and severe OSAS the E/A were far below the normal rang. By correlation analysis,it was showed that E/A was negative correlated with AHI(r=-0.693).In terms of left ventricular systolic function, the indicators of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (62.82%±4.47%,61.55%±5.12%,61.37%±5.72% respectively), left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS)(36.31%±3.13%,33.72%±4.40%,33.57%±4.71%, respectively)were not significant difference (P>0.05)between the three groups.Conclusion:With the increasing severity of OSAS, the incidence of hypertension, LVH, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction gradually increased; By correlation analysis,it was showed that LVH, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were positively correlated with AHI.We can more effectively control blood pressure, delaying the incidence and development of cardiac remodeling and improve cardiac function if we actively intervention OSAS.
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