| Object: To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound combined with vascular enhancement technology (VET) on detecting radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger,and to assess its value of clinical application on diagnosing the blood vessel early lesions in type 2 diabetes.Methods: Twenty-seven cases were enrolled in Control group, including 14 males and 13 females, aged from 34 to 69 years old, with an average age 51.2±11.8 years. Control group did not include diabetes, hypertension, Reynard's disease, and other diseases which could cause the change of homodynamic. Fifty-four cases who were type 2 diabetes for 3 years to 22 years were enrolled in Diabetic group, including 26 males and 28 females, aged from 38 to 71 years, with an average age 52.3±11.1 years. According to the condition of Common Carotid artery , the diabetic group was divided into two different groups,including Group A(with intima- media thickening or the plaque shaping)and Group B(without intima- media thickening and the plaque shaping). Group A includes 15 males and 13 females, Group B 13 males and 13 females.The Subjects were at the ultrasound examination room of 22～25°, resting for 20 minutes. Their radial proper palmer digital arteries of the right index finger was checked when their pulse and respiration was stable and then ,to measure radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of Control group, Group A and Group B of type 2 diabetes by VFX13-5 transducer of Siemens- Acuson antares 5.0-mode color Doppler ultrasound instrument . The course and the wall of Radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of the subjects were observed, and its diameter (D) was recorded using VET software. The flow beam filling was observed and the blood flow beam width (w) was measured with color Doppler energy (CDE) imaging. The peak systolic velocity(PSV),end—diastolic velocity(EDV),resistivity index(RI) and blood volume per minute (VPE)were detected by Pulse Doppler(PD) and Doppler wave features of subjects were recorded.In this study,SPSS13.0 software used for statistical, the measured values were shown as x±s. Chi-square test was used in the count data and F test and t test were used in the measurement data. Significance level a=0.05, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1 81 radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger involved, Tissue harmonic imaging shows only two, CDE, VET could display 81, but VET can show the course and the wall structure of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger more clearly than CDE.2 The Doppler wave features of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger were compared as group. Control group, 25 cases presented a low block waveform, 2 cases a high block waveform. Group A, 20 cases presented a low block waveform, 8 cases presented a high block waveform. Group B, 10 cases presented a low block waveform, 16 cases presented a high block waveform. There were significant differences in abnormal rate of the Doppler wave shape of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger between two groups. The abnormal rate of the Doppler wave shape of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of Group A was more than those of Control group (χ~2=4.139;P < 0.05); The abnormal rate of the Doppler wave shape of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of Group B was more than that of Control group (χ~2=17.305;P < 0.05); The abnormal rate of the Doppler wave shape of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of Group B was more than that of Group A (χ~2=5.934;P < 0.05).3 The homodynamic parameters of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger ware compared as group. There were no distinct difference in PSV, D and VPM between Group A and Control group, but significant differences were found in EDV and RI. The EDV in Group A were lower than that of Control group (P <0.05); The RI were higher than that of Control group (P<0.05). There were significant differences in all homodynamic parameters involved in this study between Group B and Control group (P <0.05). The EDV,PSV and VPM in Group B were lower than those of Group A ( P <0.05) ; The RI in Group B were higher than that of Group A (P <0.05) ; Although D in Group B were lower than that of Group A, there was not statistically significant(P>0.05).4 The appearances of CDE,VET in radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger ware compared as group. In control group,radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of 23 subjects run straight, the width of inside diameter was same, the edge of blood beam was smooth;4 cases traveling tortuous and irregular. In group A,radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of 18 subjects run straight, the width of inside diameter was same, the edge of blood beam was smooth;10 cases traveling tortuous and irregular. In group B,radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of 18 subjects run straight, diameter was same, the edge of blood beam was smooth;10 cases traveling tortuous and irregular.Abnormal rate of the wall and the course of the blood vessels compared,abnormal rate was 28.6% in group A more than control group with 14.8%,but there was not statistically significant(χ~2=1.525,P>0.05);Abnormal rate was 57.7% in group B more than control group with 14.8%,there were statistically significant(χ~2=10.589,P<0.05); Abnormal rate was 57.6% in group B more than group A with 28.6%,there were statistically significant(χ~2=4.93,P<0.05).5 The comparison between D(the inside diameter of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger under VET)and W(the blood flow beam widths of radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger under CDE)in different groups. D(1.006±0.157 mm)0.05). D(1.004±0.165mm)0.05). D(0.955±0.155mm)0.05).Conclusions:1 VET is more advantage and accuracy than THI and CDE in displaying radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger and 5～6 lever of VET is suitable to display.2 The radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger of the normal presented a low block waveform, but that of many Type 2 diabetes presented a high block waveform, especially.3 The EDV had decreased and the RI increased among the radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger in Type 2 diabetes before the common carotid artery intima thickening or plaque formation.4 In Type 2 diabetes group,the EDV,PSV,D and VPM had declined and the RI increased after the common carotid artery intima thickening or plaque formation. And the deference was statistically significant which compared with control group.5 EDV and RI are sensitive indicators in diagnosing the blood vessel early lesions of type 2 diabetes.6 Compared with conventional ultrasound on detecting the common carotid artery , high frequency ultrasound combined with vascular enhancement technology (VET) on detecting radial proper palmer digital artery of the right index finger could reveal the blood vessel lesions in type 2 diabetes much earlier.
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