| Objective In order to provide anatomical basis of medial femoral condyle periosteal flap pedicled with the infrapatellar branch of descending genicular artery(DGA) for repair knee joint, we observed and found regulations of the courses,branches and distribution of descending genicular artery with applied anatomical study.Methods①30 embalmed lower limbs of adult cadavers which perfused with red latex-injected were used for this anatomical study. The adductor tubercle and medial femoral codyle were observation points.②One fresh cadaver were made into transparency specimen to support the observation of the position and distribution of DGA.③Ink-injection in one fresh cadaver to prove the blood-suppling territory of the periosteal branch of DGA.④Mimic operation was performed on one other fresh cadaver.⑤Take photographs on these specimens in order to promo the utilization of this flap.⑥Satistics data analysis of this study were dealed with SPSS10.0 and expression as .Results The articular branch of descending genicular artery above the inferior edge of medial femoral condyle (5.9±1.2)cm always gave off two major branches-the periosteal branch and the infrapatellar branch.①The original diameter of the periosteal branch was(1.3±0.2)mm,and it creeped along the medial femoral condyle (4.8±1.1)cm in length. It anastomosis with branches of the direct periosteal femoral artery,intermedia genicular artery, these vessles formed a net around epicondylus medialis femoris. The periosteal area was 7cm×5cm in average;②the original diameter of the infrapatellar branch is(1.3±0.2)mm,and its length is (6.6±1.5)cm.Conclusion In this anatomical study, we found that based on regulation of the coursebranches and distribution of the periosteal branch of DGA, the medial femoral condyle periosteal flap pedicled with the infrapatellar branch of descending genicular artery can be developed to repair bone injuries of knee joint.
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