| Objective :To investigate the effect of Xue sai tong injection(血塞通注射液) on nitric oxide(NO)and nitric oxide synthase(NOS)in rats with Lowerlimb ischemia/reperfusion injury, and ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle.Methods :The experimental models of Lowerlimb ischemia/reperfusion injury were established in 48 Wistar rats that were random divided into control group and experimental group,every group were random divided into one-hour group and two-hour group,every group have 12 rats.Ventral median abdominal incision, the model of lower limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats was made by clamping aorta.Before the models were established,Xue sa itong 1ml was infused into rats of the experimental group and normal saline 1ml infusiond into contrast group.Before ischemia,1 hour after ischemia,2 hours after ischemia,2 hours after reperfusion and 4 hours after reperfusion,the samples of blood were taken and respectively use Nitrate reductase enzymatic and spectrophotometry for measurement of NO and NOS inserum. and ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results :The NO levels of serum in ischemia 1 h(130.86±24.03)or 2 h(139.56±29.83) were significantly higher than that before ischemia(103.96±31.68,103.56±30.38)(P <0.05) and significantly decreased after reperfusion (P <0.05), while after reperfusion 2h(74.83±15.26,84.23±18.51)and 4h(68.85±20.16,74.36±26.31),the NO levels were no significant in groups or between groups(P >0.05) .The NOS activity of two groups in ischemia 1 h(11.25±5.01)or 2 h(13.95±5.97)were significantly lower than that before ischemia(18.11±3.52,18.16±3.36)(P <0.01), after reperfusion groups were significantly higher than after ischemia groups (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the experimental group was significantly higher than the contrast group (P <0.01 and P <0.05). However, less myofilaments become fuzzy,mitochondrion swelling were observed in ischemic 1h experimental group, after reperfusion 2h. The change was lighter than ischemic 1h reperfusion 2h contrast group. Local myofilament fracture and mitochondrion swelling can be checked in ischemic 2h after reperfusion 2h contrast group. It is excitable that muscle segment was very clear, and the damage of mitochondrion was light in ischemic 2h experimental group, after reperfusion 2h. In ischemic 2h after reperfusion 4h group, the irreversible alteration such as pinosome, vessel wall necrosis blinding lumens have been seen. Ischemic 2hour experimental group after reperfusion 4hour chromatin margination of the endothelial cell, red blood cell and granulocytes can be seen in lumens, basement membrane was difference.Conclusion :Lower limb injury was lighter when abdominal aorta block 1h and can recover. However, when the abdominal aorta block exceed 1h, the oxidative stress was severity and irreversible.Xue sai tong injection could inhibit excessive production of NO induced by Lowerlimb ischemia/reperfusion, and enhance NOS activity,it possesses protective effect on Lowerlimb ischemia / reperfusion injury .
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