| Objective:①To observe whether the 16-week full yoga breathing or Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise will cause changes in HRV indexes and probe into the effects of both exercise on cardiovascular autonomic regulation function.②To evaluate the promoting effect on the autonomic nervous regulation of two different exercise and compare the role of keeping in good health of full yoga breathing exercise with Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise.Methods:⑴Subjects: 25 volunteer female college students of shandong normal university were selected as subjects, Recruitment introduced by the students, enquired the demographic characteristics and health status, filled PARQ & YOU questionnaires and physical activity index questionnaire. Subjects who were divided into three groups, full yoga breathing group (n=9), Liu Zi Jue group (n=9) and control group (n=7), all no smoking, no history of heart and respiratory diseases, non-sports contraindications. All subjects in the experiment prior written consent and expressed willing to cooperate with the experiment.⑵Exercise: The subjects of full yoga breathing group and Liu Zi Jue group do exercise in accordance with its respective characteristics of exercise. The experiment duration was 16 weeks, 11 weeks(that is, the 5 weeks before Chinese New Year and the 6 weeks after) of which focus on exercise, 5 times a week, 30min each time. The control group did not do any related breathing exercise during the entire experiment duration.⑶Contents: An experimental study on the acute reaction of cardiac autonomic nervous regulatory function to Full yoga breathing and Liu Zi Jue exercise; An observation on the effects of 6 weeks Full yoga breathing or Liu Zi Jue exercise on heart rate variability in different postures and comparation of the changes of autonomic nervous system regulating function for 16 weeks of training in two different ways.⑷Index test:①The heart rate variability index was tested and analyzed with the MCA-3C multi-domain multi-dimensional cardiac function detector.②The pulmonary function in resting and exercising state was tested by MasterScreen CPX ergospirometry testing device.③The body composition was tested and analyzed by Vivente Body Composition Analyzer made in Korea on an empty stomach in the morning after get up.⑸Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS for windows 15.0 with both descriptive and inferential statistics. Inferential statistics include Repeated measure ANOVA, Paired-Sample T Test and Independent-samples T Test. P< 0.05 and P< 0.01 were accepted as being statistically significant and very significant respectively. All data were expressed as Mean±SD.Results:①The acute response of cardiac autonomic nervous regulatory function to Full yoga breathing exercise: time domain indices, compared with those in the natural breathing conditions of pre- Full yoga breathing exercise, the HRp was faster (P=0.074), SD, P50 was significantly increased (P<0.01), RRn, MSD was significantly lower (P<0.05) during Full yoga breathing exercise. 10 minutes after breathe recovered to natural breathing state HRp, SD, P50 significantly decreased (P<0.05), MSD, RRp then was significantly increased (P<0.01), RRn was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with those during Full yoga breathing exercise. The acute response of cardiac autonomic nervous regulatory function to Full yoga breathing exercise: frequency domain indices, compared with those in the natural breathing conditions of pre- Full yoga breathing exercise, TS, LF.S, LF / HF, LFnorm was significantly increased (P<0.01), HF.S was significantly reduced (P<0.05), HFnorm then was very significant decrease (P<0.01).But the above changes were significantly reversed 10 minutes after the breathe recovered to natural breathing state. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the two measurements either time domain indices or frequency domain indices in the control group.②The effects of Full yoga breathing exercise for 6 weeks on heart rate variability in different postures. Compared with those of pre-exercise before 6 weeks, there was not significantly different (P>0.05) in Full yoga breathing group, while in the control group LFnorm at sitting position was significantly increased (P<0.05) , HFnorm was significantly reduced (P<0.05).③During 16-week training period, in Full yoga breathing group compared with pre-exercise test, P50 were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the second and the third measurement, LF.S showed significantly lower (P<0.05) in the second, the third and the forth measurement, LF/HF was significantly lower (P=0.09), LFnorm was significantly lower (P<0.05), and HFnorm was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the second measurement. In the control group, LF.S in the fourth test showed a increase (P=0.092) compared with that in the second test, LF / HF in the third test was increased (P=0.072) and significantly increased (P<0.05) in the fourth test compared with that in the first test.④The acute response of cardiac autonomic nervous regulatory function to Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue: The time domain indexes of HRV after exercise was no significant change (P>0.05); the frequency domain index LF.S was significantly increased (P<0.05 ) immediately after exercise.⑤Effects of six-week Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise on heart rate variability at different postures, compared with that before exercise, in Liu Zi Jue group, the values of LFnorm at standing and sitting position reduced more significantly(P<0.01) and those of HFnorm increased more significantly(P<0.01), LFnorm reduced significantly(P<0.05) and HFnorm increased significantly(P<0.05) at horizontal position, the values of LF/HF reduced more significantly(P<0.01) at standing position and significantly(P<0.05) at sitting and horizontal position. there is no differences(P>0.05)in each index between pre-and post- six-week at -25°supine.⑥During 16-week training period, in Liu Zi Jue group compared with pre-exercise test(the first test), the time domain indexes HRp were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the second and the third measurement, RRp and RRm was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the second measurement and very significantly reduced (P<0.01) in the third measurement, MSD was very significant reduction (P<0.01) in the second measurement and significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the third measurement. The frequency domain indexes TS and LF.S showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the second measurement.Conclusion: The acute effects of Full yoga breathing exercise showed that heart rate and heart rate variability increased. The influence of 6 weeks Full yoga breathing exercise on the heart rate variability at various postures is not obvious. Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise may immediately effect on LF.S, other index has no significant change. The 6 weeks Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise do significantly influence the indexes of heart rate variability at standing, sitting and horizontal supine position, while at -25°supine position not obvious. 16-week Full yoga breath training or Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue training could reduce the tone of sympathetic nerve and increase vagal tone in resting spontaneous breathing condition.Recommendation: In the future study, it is should be done that compare the similarities and differences of effects on cardiac autonomic nervous regulatory function of two way of breathing exercise that is Full yoga breathing exercise and Health Qigong Liu Zi Jue exercise with other kind of breathing exercise(different breathing frequency or depth), and the effects on the different groups (age, sex).
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