| ObjectiveThis research is based on practical training with the objective of improving the performance of players. The participants are all excellent players. Through three weeks' HiHilo training, this research is targeted to study and figure out the relativity between the real hormone level and the body composition of the players, to discuss the effect of HiHilo on players' body function and to provide experimental proof and new insights on the scientifically training and improvement of the players.MethodThe research is conducted on five excellence swimmers of Shanghai Swimming team (three males and two females) during a period of three weeks with HiHilo training. The testers are trained and exposed in a mionectic room with a dioxide level of 14.8%-15.40%(equivalent to the altitude of 1800m to 2200m).They sleep≥15h every day and, beside daily training, three times of mionectic training, which divides into four parts:1) running on the treadmill; 2) training on the cycle ergometer; 3) equivalent pulling of swimming; 4) training of waist and abdomen strength and flexibility exercise. The training strength and volume is tailor-made, based on average aerobic tolerance training and combination of aerobic and mionectic load. Indicators such as blood routine test, red cell aphasia, testosterone, corticosteroid, LEP and body composition are tested during the HiHiLo training.Result:(1) Significant decrease of RBC and Hb on the 22nd day of the experiment, an average change of 4.6%comparing to the level before the experiment, and lower than what they were before the experiment (P<0.05); a peak appeared on the ninth day after the experiment, with the increase of 4%and 4.1%respectively and the RBC and Hb level varied greatly from the basic figure.(2) reticulocyte count (RET#) increased since the beginning of the experiment and reached peak (P>0.05) on the eighth day. It decreased afterwards and this trend continued to the 22nd day, but still above the pre-experiment level. There is no statistic meaning regarding the comparison between pre-experiment level and experiment level.(3) The increase of EPO level in the serum lasted through the whole experiment with the most significant volume on Day 8 as well as the 9th day after the experiment, with a rate of 28.4%and 30.5%respectively comparing to the pre-experiment level.(4) Serum T increased and then decreased during the experiment and maintained on the level of Week 3 during the first week after the experiment,6%lower than the figure before the experiment; Serum C level reached the lowest on Day 22 (P<0.05) and returned to normal after the experiment; Serum T/C ratio in Week 3 was higher than the figure before the experiment (P<0.05) and returned to pre-experiment level one week after the experiment.(5)Serum Leptin kept decreasing during the whole HiHiLo cycle with the most significant decline on the ninth day after the experiment (P<0.01); No distinct body composition change was observed during the experiment. (6) During the monitoring, male players had stronger mionectic tolerance, better M1 and M2 performance and worse W1 and W2 effect during the mionectic training than the female players.Conclusion:(1) Three week's HiHiLo training could increase the RBC, Ret and EPO level, indicating the improvement of oxygen carrying capacity of the swimmers' body; RET indicator can reflect the reaction of stimulation of rythroblastic islands in the primary stage when Hb exhibits a significant differentiated changes. There is certain relativity between the change of Ret and Hgb. The increases of RBC, Hgb and RET are related to EPO.(2) During the three week's HiHiLo training, hormone indicators such as T, C, T/C ratio and leptin do not change synchronically under the same training strength, training hours, mionectic exposure hours and other elements, with a big difference between individuals and between team results. Among these indicators, leptin could be used as the sensitivity indicator for swimming load and for monitoring the swimmers'body function, with an advantage over independent indicators such as T and C.(3)During the three week's HiHiLo training, each excellence swimmer showed different mionectic tolerance and perfomancs during the mionectic training. It is important to point out that the overall change of the monitored indicators can not be seen as the sole reflector of the swimmers' body function. Rather, individual changing patterns should be observed during the monitoring to control the strength and length of the training. More attention should be paid to the individual players especially excellent ones.
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