The Pathogenesis, Effect, Diagnosis And Treatment Of The OSAHS

Obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome is the most common form of the sleep breathing disorder,which is characterized by repetitive narrowing or collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in arousal,intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation.OSAHS is an increasingly prevalent condition,the incidence of which is 12% to 13% in China.In general,OSAHS is considered as a systemic disease.The stricture in any part of the upper airway is the risk factors for the OSAHS,such as the nasal cavity,pharynx and throat.The consequences of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnoea Syndrome are largely mediated by chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation.The primary molecular domains affected are sympathetic activity,oxidative stress and inflammation, likely increase or cause daytime sleepiness,stroke,hypertension,coronary heart disease,arrhythmia,heart failure,pulmonary hypertension,asthma,gastroesophageal reflux,proteinuria,diabetes,insulin resistance and so on,which are the systemic multi-system damage,affecting the quality of life for individuals and becoming a heavy economic burden on society.Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is considered the gold standard in diagnosis of sleep apnea.There are other various monitoring techniques can be used for the diagnosis,such as the portable home sleep apnea monitoring instrument,the upper airway and esophageal manometry,three-dimensional imaging of upper airway.The clinical history and PSG monitoring results are the basis of the diagnosis for OSAHS.The criteria of OSAHS is that the sleep apnea and hypopnea are more than 30 times,or AHI>5 during the seven hours sleep.The treatment for OSAHS can seriously affect the human health, prevent the complications and improve the quality of life.Over the years,CPAP has become the preferred treatment for OSAHS.