| Objective To evaluation the nutritional status and dietary pattern of dyslipidemia patients in different social classes by the means of conducting the nutritional survey and testing the body composition, biochemical indicators, serum minerals and antioxidation indexes, then to analysis the effect of such factors on the disease process of dyslipidemia patients in different education classes or different profession/income classes and put forward some measures of nutrition respectively.Methods 515 laborers were chosen randomly from several districts of Ji'nan City, which have been divided into two classes by their occupation/income:Subsistence Labor Class and Developing Labor Class, or have been divided into three classes by their education background:Inferior Education Class, Secondary Education Class and Higher Education Class. In each class, the objects could be divided into cases and controls by the diagnostic criteria of dyslipidemia for epidemiological case-control study to compare the TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoAl, ApoB, fasting blood sugar, body composition, serum minerals, ant oxidative enzymes, vitamin E malondialdehyde and blood pressure, and to explore the relativity between body composition, serum minerals and the blood fats. Understand the dietary intakes between cases and controls, and to compare with the quantity suggested by the balanced diet pagoda respectively. Then conduct unconditional Logistic regression analysis for risk factors.Results1 For the cases in the inferior education class, the proportion of excessive intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed beans, oil and the proportion of the insufficiencies of meat, soy-nut were higher than its controls (P<0.05); the proportion of the insufficiencies of meat and vegetables were higher than the other two cases (P<0.05); the daily intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed bean and seafood were higher than controls (P<0.05). For the cases in the secondary education class, the proportion of excessive intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed beans and the proportion of the insufficiencies of meat were higher than its controls while the (P<0.05); the proportion of the insufficiencies of salt were higher than the other two cases (P<0.05); the daily intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed bean and soy-nut were higher than controls and the soy-nut intakes were higher than the other two cases (P<0.05). For the cases in the higher education class, the proportion of the insufficiencies of seafood were higher than its controls (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the various types of food intakes between cases and controls in the higher education class(P>0.05); the meat intakes were higher than the other two cases(p<0.05).For the cases of subsistence labor class, the proportion of excessive intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed beans and the proportion of the insufficiencies of meat were higher than its controls (P<0.05); the intakes of cereals-tuber crops-mixed bean were higher than the controls (P<0.05); the daily intakes of seafood and table vinegar were higher than cases of the developing labor class (P<0.05). For the cases of developing labor class, the proportion of the insufficiencies of meat were higher than its controls (P<0.05); the intakes of fruits were higher than the controls (P<0.05).2 The results of the survey indicated that the case group have the lower HDL-C level, higher LDL-C, Apob,TG/HDL and TC/HDL level compared with control group in each education class and occupation/income class(P<0.05). The level of systolic pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure(PP) of cases were higher than the controls in higher education class(P<0.05); The level of SBP and PP of cases in inferior education class were higher than the cases in secondary and higher education class(P<0.05). In developing labor class, the level of diastolic pressure (DBP), SBP and PP of cases were higher than the controls (P<0.05), and its TC/HDL, SBP were higher than that of the cases in subsistence labor class(P<0.05).3 In the secondary education class, there was a significant difference of the intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, protein, minerals, total body water, soft lean body mass (sLBM), body fat percent (%BF) between the case group and the control group(P<0.05). We couldn t find any significant difference of body compositions between the two groups in the inferior and higher education class (P>0.05). All the education classes included every contol group and case group had a much higher BMI than 25.0kg/m2, a higher WHR than 0.90.In the developing labor class, there was a significant difference of fitness score between the case group and the control group (P<0.05). In subsistence labor class, there was no significant difference of body compositions between the case group and the control group (P>0.05), but the protein, minerals, total body water, lean body mass(LBM), fitness score, basal metabolic (BM) of its cases were higher than that of the cases in developing labor class (P<0.05).4 The length of time for housework of cases was lower than controls in the inferior education class while it was higher than controls in the secondary education class(P<0.05). The length of time for sitting and exercise of cases in the inferior education class was less than that of cases in the other education levels (P<0.05).For the cases of developing labor class, the length of time for sitting was longer but the length of time for exercise was less than that of controls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of the length of time for activities between the case group and the control group for the subsistence labor class (P>0.05). For the two case group, the length of time for housework of subsistence labor class was longer than that of developing labor class.5 For each education class and occupation/income class The case group have a higher serum Zn,Ca,Fe,Ca/Mg level, and a lower serum Se,Ca,Cu/Zn level compared with control group (P<0.05).For the cases in inferior education class, the serum Se level was lower but serum Cu level was higher than its controls(P<0.05), and the serum Cd level was lower than that of cases in secondary education class while the serum Cu level was higher than that of cases in higher education class(P<0.05). For the cases in secondary education class, the serum Mg and Cr level was lower than its controls(P<0.05). For the cases in higher education class, the serum Mg, Cu/Zn level was lower but serum Zn, Fe and Ca/Mg level was higher than its controls(P<0.05).For the cases of developing labor class, the serum Zn and Fe level was higher but serum Ni and Cr level was lower than its controls(P<0.05). For the cases of subsistence labor class, the serum Zn level was higher but serum Cr level was lower than its controls (P<0.05), and its serum Se level was lower than that of cases in developing labor class (P<0.05).6 For the inferior education class, sweet foods, oil, dinner<4h before sleep and insomnia are the risk factors of dyslipidemia while housework and movement are protective factors. For the secondary education class, drinking, dinner<4h before sleep, fried food, sitting for long time are the risk factors of dyslipidemia. For the higher education class, large PP, sweet foods, taking midnight snacks and receiving food aid frequently are the risk factors of dyslipidemia while drinking tea are protective factors.For the developing labor class, to concentrate on eating, preferring nut and movement are the protective factors of dyslipidemia while large PP, sitting for long time and drinking lots of milk are the risk factors. For the subsistence labor class, anxiety, taking midnight snacks, smoking and night sleep<5h are the risk factors of dyslipidemia while drinking tea are protective factors.7 For the selected population the activity of GSH-PX of the cases were much lower than the controls while the content of CP, Vitamin E and MDA were higher than controls (P<0.05).8 The change of body composition had closely relationship with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C (P<0.05). The non-fat components were negatively associated with TC, LDL-C (P<0.05).9 The result of the partial correlation suggested a closely relationship between minerals and blood lipid. The serum level of Se was negatively associated with TC but positively associated with HDL-C (P<0.05); the serum level of Fe was positively associated with TC,TC/HDL-C; Mg was positively associated with but negatively associated with ApoAl/ApoB and TC/HDL-C (P<0.05); the serum level of Cu was positively associated with LDL-C (P<0.05); the serum level of Ni was negatively associated with TG,TG/HDL-C,LDL-C (P<0.05); the serum level of Ca/Mg was positively associated with TG,TG/HDL-C but negatively associated with HDL-C,ApoAl/ApoB (P<0.05); the serum level of Cu/Zn was negatively associated with LDL-C (P<0.05).Conclusion1 The polls have shown that both of controls and cases in each education class and occupation/income class had inadequate intakes of vegetables, fruits, seafood, milk and soy-nut and excessive intakes of eggs, salt and oil.Different education classes and occupation/income classes have different dietary intakes, and different characteristics of dependence on meals.Unbalanced diet is a trigger for the patients, and a potential danger for the healthy persons that both should not be ignored.2 The case group have the lower HDL-C level, higher LDL-C, ApoB, TG/HDL and TC/HDL level compared with control group in each class.3 Dyslipidemia is closely related with high blood pressure, diabetes, overweight or fat, and treat them all. The complications of dyslipidemia are different for different education classes and occupation/income classes, so the treatment of which should be focused.The education background has more remarkable effect on the complications of dyslipidemia, such as hyperglycemia, overweight or fat, than the occupation/income. In both the inferior and secondary education class, the patients display some obvious tendency towards the overweight or fat, and the hyperglycemia is also more obvious inferior education class.The dyslipidemia patients of higher education class and developing labor class should focus on high blood pressures prevention and control, and both of the patients and the healthy person in the inferior education class should be focus on fighting against high blood pressure.4 From the correlation analysis of body compositions and blood lipids, it is concluded that the sLBM or LBM are closely associated with dyslipidemia. The non-fat components may be a better predictive indicator of body lipid disorders than the body fat.5 The variations of body compositions are not the same in the different classes. The influences of the body compositions especially obesity on the secondary education patients are greater. The occupation/income maybe have some effect on the variations of body compositions. The results have suggested that the fitness score and non-fat components in cases of the subsistence labor class, such as protein, minerals, total body water, sLBM, LBM and so on, are higher but the BF%, TSF, BM are lower than that in cases of the developing labor class.6 The Minerals such as Se,Mg,Ni,Fe,Cu,Ca/Mg,Cu/Zn have a closely associated with the blood lipid.The education background and occupation/income have an important effect on the metabolism of patients serum minerals by means of diet. For the higher education class and developing labor class, the case group have a higher serum Zn,Ca,Fe,Ca/Mg level, and a lower serum Se,Cr,Cu/Zn level compared with control group.7 The body antioxidant ability of patients has been decreased, and hyperlipidemia can induce a chronic inflammation.8 Different social classes have different risk factors. Choose the reasonably proactive measures according to the education and economy.
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