| Backgrond:Denal caries is a common and frequently-occurring disease which is harmful to our health. Although there is a downtrend trend in dental caries in our country, caries incidence in rural and underdeveloped areas is still on rise. Especially children caries is one of the common and frequently-occurring disease which can create negative affect for children's growth and development. Meantime the caries filling ratio is rather low with about 50% for adults and about 50%-70% for children.In most populations,caries has not been effectively cured. Caries incidence keep up in many developing countries due to the lack of technology and the poor econimic status while caries has not been effectively cured. In order to understand the status of caries in the developing countries especially in rural and underdeveloped areas,and sovle this problem, and treatment, Frencken and other scholars in the mid-80s started researching on impleting simple manual instruments with the help of improved glass ionomer cement as a filling and sealant material for preventive therapy in Africa and Thailand. This technique is called Atraumatic Restorative Treatment(ART), which was formally proposed and applicated on World Health Day in 1994.ART is an atraumatic technique for curing caries'prevention and treatment, involving the use of hand instruments to remove the fully softened and demineralizative tooth structure and the use of dental bonding material to fill cavities and to close the pit and fissure which are susceptibility to dental caries. This filling operation is ease to operate without electrical equipment, there is a significant effect for the prevention and controlling of caries. According to some reports,ART technology shows a high success rate in filling the single side-hole of permanent teeth. Studies in 1991-1998 showed that two-years saving rate was 92%-94%. Studies in 1994-1997 of Zimbabwe and in 1996-2000 of China showed that the highest retention rate of single hole was 88%-89% in three-year field study. A study in Thailand for two years showed the success rate was 83%.So far,the longest observation period up to 6.3 years, the retention rate of filling is 66%.The result of the evaluation for the effect of ART used for permanent teeth caries in our country for six years shows that in the sixth year the retention of small class-one hole is 75%, the big class-one hole is 61%.Objective:By understanding the differences in the caries of permanent teeth between Mongolian pupils and other ethnic pupils, to carry out a better oral health care program for minority children and adolescents and to explore new methods of caries prevention in rural and under-developed areas.Methods:Researching is based on epidemiological study of caries for a total of 832 children at the age of 7-14 in 4 elementary schools in Jingpeng town of Keshiketengqi,by comparing the caries prevalence rate between Mongolian children and other ethnic (Han mainly) children and finally evaluated through the statistical analysis. There are 169 children who meet ART treatment standards and were accepted ART filling treatment. Statistical analysis was processed by reviewing the effect of ART in 6 months,12 months,18 months and twenty-four months after filling.Results:Mongolian students permanent tooth caries is higher than other ethnic pupils permanent tooth caries rate (P<0.05), male and female students between the prevalence of dental caries was no significant difference. DMFT was higher than other ethnic Mongolian students students (P<0.05), male and female students showed no significant difference between the DMFT.Different time backfill failure rate comparison between the results:6 months and 18 months respectively, the 24-month comparison between the failure rate of P values were 0.044 and 0.007 (P<0.05), the difference was statistically significance; 12 months and 24 months of the failure rate comparisons between the P value was 0.034 (P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant. While 6 months and 12 months of the failure rate comparisons between the P value of 0.417 (P> 0.05), no significant difference; in December and the 18-month comparison between the failure rate of P=0.184 (P> 0.05), the difference was not statistically significant; 18 months and 24 months, the failure rate comparisons between backfill P= 0.348 (P>0.05), the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The caries prevalence rate of Mongolian pupils in 4 primary school of Chifeng is higher than other ethnic pupils. The review results of ART shows that the success rate of filling is down gradually and the failure rate is increasing with the time.So ART is not the best choice for perpetual treatment. As ART is a less invasive technique,it can reduce the fear of patients and children recognized and accepted with easy.It can be applied for early oral care treatment in remote areas (We propose the treatment for deciduous teeth,but not the permanent teeth).
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