| The Senecio is one of the genus of the tribe Senecioneae in the family Compositae and perennial herbs. There are about 1500 species in the genus Senecio widely distributed throughout the world, which contains herbs, shrub, vines and trees. There are 5 sections in the genus Senecio, which are Sect. Pinnati (Koyama) C. Jeffrey et Y.L. Chen, Sect. Crociseris (Reichenb) Hall. Et Wohlf., Sect. Madaractis (DC.) Hook. f., Sect. Flexicaulis C. Jeffrey et Y.L. Chen and Sect. Senecio. Senecio densiserratus Chang belongs to Ser. Densiserrati C. Jeffrey et Y.L. Chen of Sect. Crociseris (Reichenb) Hall. Et Wohlf. More than 200 species grow in China, mainly distribute in the northwest and southwest of China. Their roots, stems, leaves and flowers have long been used as folk medicines in China, and possess efficacy of heat-clearing and detoxicating, cooling blood, detumescence, liver-clearing, and improving eyesight and can cure upper respiratory infection, laryngopharyngitis, tonsillitis, conjunctivitis and intestinal catarrh.The chemical constituents of petroleum ether site of Senecio densiserratus Chang were studied in this dissertation.19 compounds were isolated by means of silica gel column chromatography (CC), preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC), and recrystallization etc., of which 17 compounds were elucidated by published literatures and spectroscopic methods, including IR, UV, EI-MS, HR-ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR, DEPT,1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOED, and 1 compound was new.Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. is one species of the genus Alhagi Gagnab, which is also commonly used as Uygur medical material. The plant in genus Alhagi Gagnab are usally perennial herbs and half-shrub and distribute mainly in North Africa, the Mediterranean, West Asia, Central Asia and Ukraine. There are about 5 species in the genus, of which only one species distributes in China. The fresh twig of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. is forage for camel, cattle and sheep and the flowers can produce delicious nectar and thus it embodies the profitable value in economic development and is also a very important plant for water and soil conservation in arid and half-arid area for it can endure the drought and high salinity due to its roots going deep underground. There are 600,000 acreage ferine vegetation mainly Alhagi sparsifolia Shap growing in the gobi between the Turfan Basin and the Tuokexun County in Xinjiang Province, which is the biggest territory for the ferine Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. growing in the world. The dried leafage, flower, seed, entire plants of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap and the secretion of stem and leaf, which is called Citang, all can be used as medicine for curing dysentery, stomachache and diarrhea.As commonly used medicinal herb, the quality issue may cause some concerning in the clinical medication efficacy and safety, so it is crucial to establish the quality standard of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. Guided by China Pharmacopoeia (2005 vesion), the loss on drying, total ash, water-soluble extracts and 70%alcohol-soluble extracts of Alhagi sparsifolia (picked in Tuokexun County in Xinjiang Province in August in 2008) and the main constituent isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside in Alhagi sparsifolia were detected. The TLC distinguishing method was also established. Thus, we successfully established the quality standard of Alhagi sparsifolia.By exploiting the chemical constituents of Senecio densiserratus Chang, the results would be a supplement for the research on bioactivity of chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicine, helpful reference for chemotaxonomy and may benefit utilizing and developing the natural resources of our country. The establishing of quality standard of alhagi sparsifolia will accelarate the transformation of traditional Uygur herbology into modernization and industrialization meanwhile benefit local economy.Finally, the new compounds of aromadendrane-type sesquiterpenoids (1995-2009) and the characteristic compounds structure elucidation and biotransformation were reviewed in this dissertation. |
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